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Engagement with clinical services for youth with early psychosis represents a significant challenge, with up to 40% of patients dropping out of treatment in the first year. This has been linked to worse illness outcomes and represents a significant barrier to recovery for these patients. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of short message service (SMS) as a means of improving clinical engagement in early-episode psychosis populations by bridging contact between appointments with weekly check-ins/reminders. These weekly check-ins during the first year of treatment will serve as an additional opportunity to reach out to patients and give them a chance to do the same with their care teams, with patient responses triggering clinician follow-up if necessary.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active SMS | Experimental | Weekly interactive SMS text messaging check-ins. |
|
| Sham SMS | Sham Comparator | Weekly minimally interactive SMS text messages. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SMS text messaging - interactive check-in | Behavioral | Interactive SMS text message check-ins delivered once weekly to participants. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Service Engagement Scale (SES) | Clinician-rated treatment engagement and adherence (minimum score = 0, maximum score = 42, higher score indicates worse service engagement) | 9 months |
| Appointment Attendance | Percentage of attended clinic appointments | 9 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Emergency Department Visits | Number of emergency department visits | 9 months |
| Hospitalizations | Number of hospitalizations | 9 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| George Foussias, MD PhD | Centre for Addiction and Mental Health | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Centre for Addiction and Mental Health | Toronto | Ontario | M5T 1R8 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38241785 | Derived | D'Arcey JN, Zhao H, Wang W, Voineskos AN, Kozloff N, Kidd SA, Foussias G. An SMS text messaging intervention to improve clinical engagement in early psychosis: A pilot randomized-controlled trial. Schizophr Res. 2024 Feb;264:416-423. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.01.012. Epub 2024 Jan 18. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011618 | Psychotic Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019967 | Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| SMS text messaging - inactive control | Behavioral | Minimally interactive SMS text message delivered once weekly to participants. |
|
| Social Functioning Scale (SFS) | Self-report measure of social functioning (minimum score = 0, maximum score = 247, higher score indicates better functioning) | 9 months |
| Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) | Interview-rated measure of global functioning (minimum score = 1, maximum score = 100, higher score indicates better functioning) | 9 months |
| Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LESQ-18) | Self-reported measure of subjective quality of life (minimum score = 1, maximum score = 5, higher score indicates better quality of life) | 9 months |
| Clinical Global Impression (CGI) | Interview-based global rating of illness severity (minimum score = 1, maximum score = 7, higher score indicates worse illness severity) | 9 months |
| Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) | Interview-based measure of the severity of psychiatric symptoms (minimum score = 24, maximum score = 168, higher score indicates higher severity of symptoms) | 9 months |
| Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) | Interview-based measure of the severity of negative symptoms (minimum score = 0, maximum score = 110, higher score indicates higher severity of symptoms) | 9 months |
| Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) | Interview-rated measure of the severity of motivation deficits (minimum score = 18, maximum score = 72, higher score indicates worse motivation deficits) | 9 months |
| Brief Cognitive Assessment Tool for Schizophrenia (B-CATS) | Rater-administered measure of cognitive functioning (scores indicate standardized Z-scores with no pre-defined minimum or maximum score, higher score indicates better cognitive functioning) | 9 months |
| Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10) | Self-reported measure of medication adherence (minimum score = -10, maximum score = + 10, higher score indicates better adherence) | 9 months |
| Scale To Assess Therapeutic Relationships - Patient Version (STAR-P) | Self-reported measure of the clinician-patient therapeutic relationship (minimum score = 0, maximum score = 48, higher score indicates better therapeutic relationship) | 9 months |