Manual Therapy is a widely used physiotherapy modality which is known to be effective in the management of musculoskeletal problems . Manual Therapy is a passive, therapeutic approach used to target a variety of anatomical structures with the intent to create beneficial changes in the amount of pain a patient experiences. Manual Therapy includes joint mobilization, manipulation, or treatment of the soft tissues and is widely used to break fibrous adhesions, restore normal range of motion, reduce local ischemia, stimulate synovial fluid production, and reduce pain .

Kinesio tape is a type of elastic therapeutic tape that was developed which is used in many different situations with various aims. Advocates of Kinesio Tape state that it may promote different therapeutic objectives such as; improved circulation and lymphatic drainage, pain inhibition, reduction of delayed onset of muscle soreness or improvement in performance and coordination .

Participants in this group received 4 weeks of manual therapy and massage of the masticatory muscles intra and extra orally together with massage of the cervical muscles. Massage and Manual Therapy brings about benefits by increasing local circulation and decreasing muscle tonus . Additionally, stretching exercises aiming to decrease pain and elongate shortened masticatory muscle fibers by autogenic inhibition of the masseter muscle were performed.

Pain Pressure Threshold was determined using a digital algometer (Lafayette Manual Muscle Test System™, Model 01163, Lafayette Instrument Company, Indiana, USA) which consists of a padded disc attached to a microprocessor control unit that measures peak force (Newton). The Pain Pressure Threshold of the masseter muscle was assessed via the algometer. During Pain Pressure Threshold assessment, the researcher positioned the algometer on the trigger points of the respective muscle and increase the amount of pressure applied until the participant verbally informed the researcher when the sensation of pressure became pain. The applied pressure was read from the digital screen after each assessment.

Pain Pressure Threshold was determined using a digital algometer (Lafayette Manual Muscle Test System™, Model 01163, Lafayette Instrument Company, Indiana, USA) which consists of a padded disc attached to a microprocessor control unit that measures peak force (Newton). The Pain Pressure Threshold of the trapezius muscle was assessed via the algometer. During Pain Pressure Threshold assessment, the researcher positioned the algometer on the trigger points of the respective muscle and increase the amount of pressure applied until the participant verbally informed the researcher when the sensation of pressure became pain. The applied pressure was read from the digital screen after each assessment.

Pain Pressure Threshold was determined using a digital algometer (Lafayette Manual Muscle Test System™, Model 01163, Lafayette Instrument Company, Indiana, USA) which consists of a padded disc attached to a microprocessor control unit that measures peak force (Newton). The Pain Pressure Threshold of the temporalis muscle was assessed via the algometer. During Pain Pressure Threshold assessment, the researcher positioned the algometer on the trigger points of the respective muscle and increase the amount of pressure applied until the participant verbally informed the researcher when the sensation of pressure became pain. The applied pressure was read from the digital screen after each assessment.

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is an index widely used to measure sleep quality. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a self-reported questionnaire that includes 19 questions that when scored, are separated into seven domains. The seven domains are; perceived sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, sleep medications; and daytime dysfunction. Each domain is scored from 0-3 and a total score ranging from 0-21 can be obtained. A total score of; 0-4 indicates a good sleep quality, 5-10 indicates poor sleep quality and scores above 10 indicate a possible sleep disorder.