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This study was a randomized controlled trial of an original online mental health promotion program. This study aimed to: 1) establish program effectiveness by examining symptom change between conditions and 2) examine predictors of symptom change. The program was previously tested in open trial feasibility study by the same Principal Investigator and has since been rebuilt as informed by feasibility findings and participant qualitative feedback.
Participants were randomly assigned to either a waitlist condition or eight weeks of the intervention condition. Baseline, posttest, and follow-up electronic surveys collected self-reported symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression. Motivational variables were also assessed at baseline and then tested as moderators of intervention effects.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention Condition | Experimental | Participants in this condition were delivered 8 weeks of online intervention modules and then were invited to complete a posttest survey. |
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| Waitlist Condition | No Intervention | Participants in this condition received no intervention content nor communications for 8 weeks and then were invited to complete a posttest survey. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| StriveWeekly | Behavioral | The intervention (app.striveweekly.com) delivered eight modules: introduction module, six skills modules, and wrap-up module. The two program "brand name" versions had identical content, but different aesthetic schemes. Modules were released week-by-week, and participants self-guided through content. To facilitate skills practice, every module was accompanied by: a weekly intro email and reminder emails; an "extras" section for tips/suggestions; and a weekly prize drawing. The "Dashboard" section of the intervention displayed user progress. The "Campus" section of this dashboard provided: campus-specific announcements; referrals to relevant campus wellness resources; and an anonymous livestream of all campus users' activity. Strategies/skills included: Psychoeducation; Self-monitoring; Behavioral activation; Cognitive restructuring; Sleep hygiene; Time management; Interpersonal avoidance exposures; Physical exercise; Mindfulness; Maintenance planning. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) | This 21-item self-report measure assesses symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Individual items are rated 0 (Did not apply to me at all) to 3 (Applied to me very much or most of the time), with total scores ranging 0 - 63. Lower scores at posttest relative to baseline indicate improvement. | [Time Frame: Baseline to Posttest (~8 weeks)] |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Program Adherence | This outcome was assessed based on number of modules with 1+ skills practice log. Skills practice logs were recorded as behavioral data, stored within the online platform's database of user account activity. | [Time Frame: Baseline to Posttest (~8 weeks)] |
| Program Satisfaction |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Subjective Happiness Scale | This 4-item self-report measure assesses subjective happiness. Individual items are rated 1 to 7, with total scores ranging 4 - 28. Higher scores at posttest relative to baseline indicate improvement. | [Time Frame: Baseline to Posttest (~8 weeks)] |
| Patient Health Questionnaire-9 |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Denise Chavira, PhD | University of California, Los Angeles | Study Chair |
| Leslie Leslie, PhD | Harvard University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of California, Los Angeles | Los Angeles | California | 90095 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38959024 | Derived | Hanano M, Rith-Najarian L, Gong-Guy E, Chavira D. Motivational Variables as Moderating Effects of a Web-Based Mental Health Program for University Students: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res. 2024 Jul 3;8:e56118. doi: 10.2196/56118. | |
| 37768633 | Derived | Rith-Najarian LR, Gong-Guy E, Flournoy JC, Chavira DA. Randomized controlled trial of a web-based program for preventing anxiety and depression in university students. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2024 Jan;92(1):1-15. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000843. Epub 2023 Sep 28. |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | Sep 27, 2017 | Apr 21, 2020 | ICF_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D003863 | Depression |
| D013315 | Stress, Psychological |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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This 5-item measure was adapted from the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire. Individual items are rated 1 (Poor) to 4 (Excellent), with total scores ranging 5 - 20. Higher scores indicate more satisfaction. |
| Posttest (~8 weeks) |
This 9-item self-report measure assesses symptoms of major depressive disorder. Individual items are rated 0 (Not at all) to 3 (Nearly every day), with total scores ranging 0 - 27. Lower scores at posttest relative to baseline indicate improvement. |
| [Time Frame: Baseline to Posttest (~8 weeks)] |
| 35343901 | Derived | Hanano M, Rith-Najarian L, Boyd M, Chavira D. Measuring Adherence Within a Self-Guided Online Intervention for Depression and Anxiety: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2022 Mar 28;9(3):e30754. doi: 10.2196/30754. |