Ceftolozane-tazobactam for the Treatment of Respiratory Infections Due to Extensively Drug-resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Among Critically Ill Patients: a Retrospective Study.

Ceftolozane-tazobactam for the Treatment of Respiratory Infections Due to Extensively Drug-resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Among Critically Ill Patients: a Retrospective Study.

The aim of this study is to report our experience with ceftolozane-tazobactam and to evaluate its safety and efficacy in the treatment of ICU dependent nosocomial respiratory tract infections due to extensively drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Different dosing regimes of ceftalozane-tazobactam is evaluated and compared to the standard therapy of Colomycin.

Ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T) is a novel type of beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor antibiotics targeting nosocomial infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. In recent years, ceftolozane-tazobactam was prescribed for treating complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI) and complicated intraabdominal infections (cIAI). Following the results of ASPECT-NP trial in 2019, it was approved as a therapeutic option in nosocomial pneumonia including hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

The drug shows an excellent activity against ESBL-producing Enterobacterales and multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The latter is widely recognized as a common pathogen of nosocomial respiratory tract infections.

There is still a need for observations of clinical experiences to better define the risk-benefit profile of ceftolozane-tazobactam. The aim of this study is to report our experience with ceftolozane-tazobactam and to evaluate its safety and efficacy in the treatment of ICU dependent nosocomial respiratory tract infections due to extensively drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Different dosing regimes of ceftalozane-tazobactam is evaluated and compared to the standard therapy of Colomycin.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• ≥ 72 hours of targeted antibiotic therapy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with either Colomycin or Ceftolozane-Tazobactam

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participation in an interventional trial aiming nosocomial infections
• Treatment was not with the intent to cure the infection