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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Bayer | INDUSTRY |
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This is a prospective, randomized, open-label phase II study comparing cognitive outcomes between men with metastatic and non-metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) or metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). Approximately 132 patients will be enrolled. Eligible patients will be randomized in a 1:1 fashion to treatment with enzalutamide 160 mg orally daily or darolutamide 600 mg orally twice daily, in combination with standard LHRH agonist based treatment. Cognitive assessments will be performed using modules from Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) an internationally recognized software for assessing cognitive function and impairment.
The goal of the trial is to assess cognitive and quality of life outcomes over the 48-week primary data collection period of the trial. This is a prospective, randomized, open-label phase II study comparing cognitive outcomes between men with Advanced prostate cancer: metastatic and non-metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) or metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC).
The primary endpoint will be the percent change in the maximally changed cognitive domain by 24 weeks in each study arm. Patients will be stratified by age (<65, 65-80, > 80). Patients will be allowed to cross over from either treatment to the opposite treatment arm at 12 and 24 weeks if they meet any of the cross-over criteria as described in the protocol.
Cognitive assessments will be performed using Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), an internationally recognized software for assessing cognitive function and impairment. Tests available in the CANTAB battery include tests of learning and executive function; working memory; visual, verbal and episodic memory; and attention, information and processing time. The maximally changed cognitive domain is defined as the domain most changed from baseline in each individual.
Blood samples will be collected for exploratory genomic analyses (AR CAG repeat length, PHS, exosome analysis).
Patients will have the option to opt into an additional separate MRI sub-study. A subset of 40 patients (20 per arm) will undergo fMRI to measure percent signal change in the HP PFC circuit at baseline, 24 and 48 weeks or/and cross-over/end of treatment visit (if applicable).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Darolutamide (DARO) | Active Comparator | Patients will take DARO at a dose of 600 mg (300 mg ×2 tablets) by mouth twice daily beginning on Day 1, of Week 1. Patients will take DARO throughout planned treatment period or withdrawal of consent or progression of disease requiring change in therapy. |
|
| Enzalutamide (ENZ) | Active Comparator | Patients will take ENZ at a dose of 160 mg PO once daily (QD), beginning on Day 1, of Week 1. Patients will take ENZ throughout planned treatment period or withdrawal of consent or progression of disease requiring change in therapy. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Darolutamide | Drug | Patients randomized to darolutamide. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in the maximally changed cognitive domain | To compare the effects of treatment with enzalutamide (ENZ) versus darolutamide (DARO) on the cognitive function of men with non-metastatic and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer by comparing the change in the maximally changed cognitive domain utilizing Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery [CANTAB] cognitive tests from baseline in patients in each study arm.Tests available in the CANTAB battery include tests of learning and executive function; working memory; visual, verbal and episodic memory; and attention, information and processing time. The maximally changed cognitive domain is defined as the domain most changed from baseline in each individual. | 24 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Crossover from enzalutamide to darolutamide and darolutamide to enzalutamide | Proportion of patients crossing over from each treatment arm based on subjective (self-reported, FACT-Cognitive Function [Version 3], FACT-Cog V3, decline by >10 points from baseline score) cognitive effects.
|
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Key inclusion criteria include:
Histologically or cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate
Progressive disease per PCWG3 criteria with EITHER: Metastatic CRPC or non- metastatic CRPC (M0CRPC)
OR mHSPC
Surgically or medically castrated, with testosterone levels of <50 ng/dL. If the patient is medically castrated, continuous dosing with GnRH agonist or antagonist must have been initiated at least 4 weeks prior to randomization and must be continued throughout the study.
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤2
Able to complete cognitive testing and patient reported outcome surveys in English.
Ability to swallow study medications whole.
Able to provide informed consent.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Evanthia Galanis, MD | Alliance Foundation Trials | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of California - San Francisco at Mount Zion | San Francisco | California | 94115 | United States | ||
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30763142 | Background | Fizazi K, Shore N, Tammela TL, Ulys A, Vjaters E, Polyakov S, Jievaltas M, Luz M, Alekseev B, Kuss I, Kappeler C, Snapir A, Sarapohja T, Smith MR; ARAMIS Investigators. Darolutamide in Nonmetastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2019 Mar 28;380(13):1235-1246. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1815671. Epub 2019 Feb 14. | |
| 28377882 |
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| Enzalutamide | Drug | Patients randomized to enzalutamide. |
|
|
| 48 weeks |
| Maximally changed cognitive domain | Average decline in maximally changed cognitive domain in patients in each arm based on self-reported cognitive tests (Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery [CANTAB]). Tests in the CANTAB battery include tests of learning and executive function; working memory; visual, verbal and episodic memory; and attention, information and processing time. The maximally changed cognitive domain is defined as the domain most changed from baseline in each individual. | 48 weeks |
| Proportion of impaired patients | Cumulative proportion of impaired patients in each arm | 24 weeks |
| Proportion of impaired patients | Cumulative proportion of impaired patients in each arm | 48 weeks |
| Change in lowest ranking domain | Average change in lowest ranking domain Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery [CANTAB] questionnaire outcomes at baseline (in a given individual). Tests in the CANTAB battery include tests of learning and executive function; working memory; visual, verbal and episodic memory; and attention, information and processing time. | 24 weeks |
| Change in lowest ranking domain | Average change in lowest ranking domain in Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery [CANTAB] outcomes at baseline (in a given individual). Tests in the CANTAB battery include tests of learning and executive function; working memory; visual, verbal and episodic memory; and attention, information and processing time. | 48 weeks |
| Improve in cognitive function after crossover | Improvement in cognitive function after crossover from each treatment arm based on Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery [CANTAB] modules. Tests in the CANTAB battery include tests of learning and executive function; working memory; visual, verbal and episodic memory; and attention, information and processing time. | 48 weeks |
| Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression. | Estimation of the probability of PSA progression over time using the cumulative incidence function. | 104 weeks |
| Progression free survival | Progression-free survival will be evaluated for each cohort. | 104 weeks |
| Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rate | Estimation or the proportion PSA responses at 24 weeks (on the basis of a decrease from baseline of ≥ 50%) | 24 weeks |
| Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine |
| Chicago |
| Illinois |
| 60611 |
| United States |
| University of Chicago | Chicago | Illinois | 60637 | United States |
| University of Kansas Cancer Center | Fairway | Kansas | 66205 | United States |
| Dana Farber Cancer Institute | Boston | Massachusetts | 02115 | United States |
| University of Minnesota | Minneapolis | Minnesota | 55455 | United States |
| University of Oklahoma | Oklahoma City | Oklahoma | 73104 | United States |
| Froedtert and the Medical College of Wisconsin | Milwaukee | Wisconsin | 53226 | United States |
| Apple AC, Ryals AJ, Alpert KI, Wagner LI, Shih PA, Dokucu M, Cella D, Penedo FJ, Voss JL, Wang L. Subtle hippocampal deformities in breast cancer survivors with reduced episodic memory and self-reported cognitive concerns. Neuroimage Clin. 2017 Mar 16;14:685-691. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.03.004. eCollection 2017. |
| 1991946 | Background | Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed "Up & Go": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991 Feb;39(2):142-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x. |
| 26484435 | Background | Wang L, Apple AC, Schroeder MP, Ryals AJ, Voss JL, Gitelman D, Sweet JJ, Butt ZA, Cella D, Wagner LI. Reduced prefrontal activation during working and long-term memory tasks and impaired patient-reported cognition among cancer survivors postchemotherapy compared with healthy controls. Cancer. 2016 Jan 15;122(2):258-68. doi: 10.1002/cncr.29737. Epub 2015 Oct 20. |
| 27716900 | Background | de Souza JA, Yap BJ, Wroblewski K, Blinder V, Araujo FS, Hlubocky FJ, Nicholas LH, O'Connor JM, Brockstein B, Ratain MJ, Daugherty CK, Cella D. Measuring financial toxicity as a clinically relevant patient-reported outcome: The validation of the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST). Cancer. 2017 Feb 1;123(3):476-484. doi: 10.1002/cncr.30369. Epub 2016 Oct 7. |
| 29949494 | Background | Hussain M, Fizazi K, Saad F, Rathenborg P, Shore N, Ferreira U, Ivashchenko P, Demirhan E, Modelska K, Phung D, Krivoshik A, Sternberg CN. Enzalutamide in Men with Nonmetastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jun 28;378(26):2465-2474. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1800536. |
| 27006332 | Background | Evans CP, Higano CS, Keane T, Andriole G, Saad F, Iversen P, Miller K, Kim CS, Kimura G, Armstrong AJ, Sternberg CN, Loriot Y, de Bono J, Noonberg SB, Mansbach H, Bhattacharya S, Perabo F, Beer TM, Tombal B. The PREVAIL Study: Primary Outcomes by Site and Extent of Baseline Disease for Enzalutamide-treated Men with Chemotherapy-naive Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol. 2016 Oct;70(4):675-683. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.03.017. Epub 2016 Mar 19. |
| 23001710 | Background | Lim YY, Pietrzak RH, Ellis KA, Jaeger J, Harrington K, Ashwood T, Szoeke C, Martins RN, Bush AI, Masters CL, Rowe CC, Villemagne VL, Ames D, Darby D, Maruff P. Rapid decline in episodic memory in healthy older adults with high amyloid-beta. J Alzheimers Dis. 2013;33(3):675-9. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2012-121516. |
| 22587890 | Background | Rosario ER, Carroll JC, Pike CJ. Evaluation of the effects of testosterone and luteinizing hormone on regulation of beta-amyloid in male 3xTg-AD mice. Brain Res. 2012 Jul 23;1466:137-45. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.05.011. Epub 2012 May 14. |
| 18636420 | Background | Cherrier MM, Aubin S, Higano CS. Cognitive and mood changes in men undergoing intermittent combined androgen blockade for non-metastatic prostate cancer. Psychooncology. 2009 Mar;18(3):237-47. doi: 10.1002/pon.1401. |
| 27737437 | Background | Nead KT, Gaskin G, Chester C, Swisher-McClure S, Leeper NJ, Shah NH. Association Between Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Risk of Dementia. JAMA Oncol. 2017 Jan 1;3(1):49-55. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.3662. |
| 25964245 | Background | Gonzalez BD, Jim HS, Booth-Jones M, Small BJ, Sutton SK, Lin HY, Park JY, Spiess PE, Fishman MN, Jacobsen PB. Course and Predictors of Cognitive Function in Patients With Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen-Deprivation Therapy: A Controlled Comparison. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Jun 20;33(18):2021-7. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2014.60.1963. Epub 2015 May 11. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011471 | Prostatic Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005834 | Genital Neoplasms, Male |
| D014565 | Urogenital Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D005832 | Genital Diseases, Male |
| D000091662 | Genital Diseases |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D011469 | Prostatic Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C000607739 | darolutamide |
| C540278 | enzalutamide |
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