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The study is a multicenter phase II randomized controlled trial. The purpose is to investigate the efficacy and safety of adjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemoradiation for patients with high-risk resectable extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer.
The trial will recruit 92 patients, and they will be randomized (1:1) into two groups (chemoradiation+immunotherapy group, observation group) after operation. Patients in chemoradiation+immunotherapy group will receive camrelizumab 200mg intravenously every 3 weeks until clinical or radiographic disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, death, termination of the study or withdrawal. After 1 or 2 courses of camrelizumab, patients went on to receive capecitabine (1,330 mg/m2 per day, in divided doses twice daily, 7 days per week) concurrent with radiotherapy (45 Gy to regional lymph nodes and 54 to 59.4 Gy to preoperative tumor bed). Patients in observation group will not receive any anti-cancer therapy.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment | Experimental | Patients in treatment group will receive camrelizumab 200mg intravenously every 3 weeks until clinical or radiographic disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, death, termination of the study or withdrawal. After 1 or 2 courses of camrelizumab, patients went on to receive capecitabine (1,330 mg/m2 per day, in divided doses twice daily, 7 days per week) concurrent with radiotherapy (45 Gy to regional lymph nodes and 54 to 59.4 Gy to preoperative tumor bed). |
|
| Observation | Placebo Comparator | Patients in observation group will not receive any anti-cancer therapy. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemotherapy | Drug | Capecitabine (1,330 mg/m2 per day, in divided doses twice daily, 7 days per week). |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival | defined as the time from randomization until death from any cause. Patients who withdraw or who are lost to follow-up will be censored at the date last known to be alive. Patients remaining alive throughout the duration of the study will have their survival time censored on the date last seen alive. | two years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Recurrence-free Survival | defined as the time from randomization until disease recurrence or death from any cause, whichever happens first. Patients who withdraw or who are lost to follow-up will be censored at the date last known to be alive and recurrence-free. Patients not having an event will be censored at the date last seen alive. | two years |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ming Kuang, PhD | First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 510080 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40638104 | Derived | Xiao H, Ji J, Li S, Lai J, Wei G, Wu J, Chen W, Xie W, Wang S, Qiao L, Tu J, Shen S, Peng Z. Adjuvant Chemoradiation and Immunotherapy for Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2025 Sep 1;11(9):1021-1029. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.1926. |
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| Observation | Other | Patients in observation group will not receive any anti-cancer therapy. |
|
| Immunotherapy | Procedure | Camrelizumab 200mg intravenously every 3 weeks until clinical or radiographic disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, death, termination of the study or withdrawal. |
|
| Radiotherapy | Radiation | 45 Gy to regional lymph nodes and 54 to 59.4 Gy to preoperative tumor bed. |
|
| Adverse Events | adverse events during the treatment period using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) (version 5.0). | two years |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001661 | Biliary Tract Neoplasms |
| D018281 | Cholangiocarcinoma |
| D005706 | Gallbladder Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004067 | Digestive System Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001660 | Biliary Tract Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D000230 | Adenocarcinoma |
| D002277 | Carcinoma |
| D009375 | Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial |
| D009370 | Neoplasms by Histologic Type |
| D005705 | Gallbladder Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004358 | Drug Therapy |
| D019370 | Observation |
| D007167 | Immunotherapy |
| D011878 | Radiotherapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D008722 | Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D056747 | Immunomodulation |
| D001691 | Biological Therapy |
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