A quasi-experimental trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of this combination in promoting happiness, perceived stress, sleep quality, experience on meditation, and life satisfaction among institutionalized older adults in Taiwan.

Background: In Taiwan, which has one of the most rapidly aging populations in the world, it is becoming increasingly critical to promote successful aging strategies that are effective, easily usable, and acceptable to institutionalized older adults. Although many practitioners and professionals have explored aromatherapy and identified its positive psychological benefits, the effectiveness of a combination of 3D virtual reality and hands-on aromatherapy remains unknown.

Objectives: A quasi-experimental trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of this combination in promoting happiness, perceived stress, sleep quality, experience on meditation, and life satisfaction among institutionalized older adults in Taiwan.

Methods: Sixty institutionalized elderly participants underwent the combination program or were in a control group. Weekly two-hour sessions were implemented for 9 weeks. The outcome variables were happiness perceived, stress, sleep quality, experience on meditation, and life satisfaction, which were assessed at baseline, and after the intervention.

Inclusion Criteria:

• An ability to understand verbal instructions
• An ability to provide simple responses
• An ability to operate a joystick freely with at least one hand

Exclusion Criteria:

• A history of severe psychiatric conditions;
• Dementia
• Significant visual or hearing impairment;
• Marked upper motor difficulties that could affect the participants' ability to participate in the study
• Currently suffering from severe illnesses, e.g., stroke and Parkinson disease.