ESWT for Shoulder Pain in Patients With Brain Damage

The Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) for Shoulder Pain in Patients With Brain Damage

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for upper extremity pain related to spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury.

6 times of ESWT (3,000 pulses per time, low energy under 0.3 mJ/mm^2, tolerable range) on subscapularis and lesser and greater tuberlces of humerus to reduce pain in patients with brain damage

Inclusion Criteria:

• Brain damaged patient confirmed in the brain image
• 1 month after brain damage
• Pain in hemiplegic shoulder areas more than 4 points on the numerical scale (NRS)
• Cognitive functions that can clearly point out NRS with more than 15 points in the mini mental state examination (MMSE)
• Age: 20 and older
• Person who has agreed in writing to decide his or her participation and comply with the precautions

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pain due to trauma
• Injection treatments two weeks before participating in the study
• Severe coagulopathy (excluding antiplatelet use)
• Impaired cognition