Classic and Modified Rapid Sequence Induction for Prevention of Gastric Content Regurgitation

Comparison of Classic and Modified Rapid Sequence Induction on Prevention of Perioperative Gastric Content Regurgitation in Emergency Surgery Under General Anesthesia

Induction of anesthesia induces a loss of protective upper airway reflexes and is associated with gastric content regurgitation. Emergency surgery bears a higher risk of gastric content regurgitation because of full stomach, delayed gastric emptying, intestinal obstruction, stroke or other factors. Rapid sequence induction (RSI) of anesthesia was recommended to minimize the risk of regurgitation and aspiration. Classic RSI scheme mainly includes the use of short-acting sedatives and muscle relaxant, together with a manual pressure to the cricoid cartilage (Sellick maneuver) which aims at compressing the esophagus to avoid regurgitation. Though widely recommended, the scheme has been controversial for years. Our department modified the scheme and put it into use in day shift emergency surgery since March 1, 2018. This retrospective analysis is aimed at comparing the effect of classic and modified rapid sequence induction in prevention of gastric content regurgitation in emergency surgery under general anesthesia.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients receive emergency surgery under general anesthesia March 1, 2015 to February 29, 2020
• Eighteen years or older

Exclusion Criteria:

• Trachea intubation status on admission
• Tracheotomy
• Bronchoscope surgery
• General anesthesia with laryngeal mask
• Awake intubation