Subjects will receive no formal exercise recommendations

Subjects will complete an exercise program

Perform endurance (treadmill or cycle ergometer), strength (weight resistance), and flexibility training twice a week for a period of one hour per session, for a total of 16 sessions.

Frailty will be determined by Frailty Phenotype (FP) or Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scores. FP is determined by the presence of 3 or more of the following: slowness (measured by gait speed), exhaustion (measured via self-report), weakness (measured by hand grip strength), low physical activity level (measured via self-report), and wasting (measured via self-report or by tracking changes in weight). The SPPB consists of a gait speed test, balance testing, and repeated chair stands. A score less than or equal to 10 will be considered frail.