The study is designed to clarify the clinical characteristics, risk factors and long-term prognosis of children with 2019-nCoV infection in China.

As of February 10th, 2020, more than 40,000 human have been confirmed infected with a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, with at least 800 reported deaths. Additional cases have been confirmed in multiple countries, and some are reported in children. Patients with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection have reported respiratory illness with fever, cough, et al. Some are asymptomatic carriers. However, there are relatively few diagnosed cases of children, and the long-term prognosis is unknown. Therefore, a multicenter observational study is needed to better understand the clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV infection in children.

This observational study will last from February to December 2020. The patients enrolled were diagnosed with 2019-nCoV infection or 2019-nCoV pneumonia by Beijing Children's Hospital and other members of Chinese National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in 2019-2020. At the same time, children hospitalized with pneumonia other than 2019-nCoV pneumonia during the same period are classified as the control group by 3~5:1 matching for age and sex to the 2019-nCoV group. After guardians signing the informed consent forms, all the participants' clinical data, laboratory examination results, image data and also the follow-up information after six months of their treatment will be collected.

The trial will be completed in 10 months, with subjects recruited from the hospitals that in partnership with clinical research collaboration of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases.

1. For the 2019-nCoV infection group

   Inclusion Criteria:

   Diagnosed with 2019-nCoV infection (with direct laboratory evidence).

   1. Respiratory or blood samples tested positive for novel coronavirus nucleic acid with RT-PCR.
   2. Gene sequencing of respiratory or blood samples show highly homologous with known novel coronaviruses.

   Exclusion Criteria:

   Subjects will be excluded if the children or their parents disagree to conduct this study.

2. For the control group

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosed with pneumonia, and excepted of novel coronavirus infection.
2. The hospitalization time is the same as that of novel coronavirus pneumonia.

Exclusion Criteria:

Subject will be excluded if she or he has one of the following:

1. First diagnosis is not pneumonia.
2. Any one of the novel coronavirus laboratory test results show positive.
3. Children or their parents disagree to conduct this study.

Patients who are aged 1day to 18 years, and diagnosed with 2019-nCoV infection/pneumonia or pneumonia other than novel coronavirus hospitalized in the same period in China.