Participants will perform arm cycling using a table-top arm cycler. Cadence and resistance of the exercise will be determined as per each individual's tolerance. All exercise will be supervised by the neuromuscular specialist physio, to ensure it is completed safely. Participants will be able to have plenty of breaks during the assessments.

The arm cycle will be placed on table with height adjusted to be the same as the acromion (highest point on shoulder). Participants will start arm cycling at a low intensity and increase as per tolerance. They will exercise for a maximum of two minutes at a time, followed by a rest period for 30 seconds. In this manner 5 cycles of exercise and rest will be performed. The exercise sessions are anticipated to last a maximum of 20 minutes, depending on the patient's abilities.

A 12 item patient-reported shoulder instability questionnaire. Each of the questions presents five possible responses corresponding to a score of 0 (most disability/pain) to 4 (least disability/pain). when the twelve items are summed, the questionnaire then produces a single score with a range from 0 (most disability/pain) to 48 (least disability/pain).

A physiotherapist-assessed score of amount of movement at a joint in degrees, using goniometer. Range of movement is measured for both left and right shoulder joints in abduction, flexion and extension. Range of movement is measured for both left and right elbow joints in flexion and extension.

A free-text questionnaire asking patients to report any suggestions that they may have regarding factors that may limit their performance during this type of exercise, particularly if it were to be completed at home. There is no score for this question.