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People around the world are consuming much more sodium than is physiologically necessary. A number of studies suggest that dietary sodium intake is related to weight gain. The aim of our study was to evaluate in a population of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus, possible correlations between the urinary sodium excretion (UNa24h), indirect marker of sodium intake, and both duration of diabetes and BMI z-score(Body Mass Index). Moreover, we also evaluated the correlation between UNa24h and duration of diabetes according with the presence/absence of overweight/obesity.
Elevated sodium intake has been associated with hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and stroke, and decreasing sodium intake may reduce blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), leading cause of death in the world.
Recent data on sodium intake show that populations around the world are consuming much more sodium than is physiologically necessary.
Studies in children have reported positive associations between sodium intake and adiposity.
The aim of our study was to evaluate in a population of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus, possible correlations between the urinary sodium excretion (UNa24h), indirect marker of sodium intake, and both duration of diabetes and BMI z-score. Moreover we also evaluated the correlation between UNa24h and duration of diabetes according with the presence/absence of overweight/obesity.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sixty-eight children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes | Sixty-eight children and adolescents aged between 4 and 18 years with type 1 diabetes. Patients with celiac disease, thyroid disease, other autoimmune diseases, concurrent illness, patients with diabetic nephropathy, other renal disease and in therapy with natriuretic drugs were excluded. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urinary sodium concentrations | Diagnostic Test | The urinary sodium excretion was measured using an immunochemical methodology |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Urinary sodium concentrations | Tested in three 24 h urine samples (immunochemical methodology ) | three days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Children and adolescents affected by type 1 diabetes mellitus
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Angela Zanfardino, MD | University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Centro di Diabetologia Pediatrica "G.Stoppoloni" | Naples | 80100 | Italy |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25853242 | Result | Campanozzi A, Avallone S, Barbato A, Iacone R, Russo O, De Filippo G, D'Angelo G, Pensabene L, Malamisura B, Cecere G, Micillo M, Francavilla R, Tetro A, Lombardi G, Tonelli L, Castellucci G, Ferraro L, Di Biase R, Lezo A, Salvatore S, Paoletti S, Siani A, Galeone D, Strazzullo P; MINISAL-GIRCSI Program Study Group. High sodium and low potassium intake among Italian children: relationship with age, body mass and blood pressure. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 8;10(4):e0121183. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121183. eCollection 2015. | |
| 30101426 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003922 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 |
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| Result |
| Lucko AM, Doktorchik C, Woodward M, Cogswell M, Neal B, Rabi D, Anderson C, He FJ, MacGregor GA, L'Abbe M, Arcand J, Whelton PK, McLean R, Campbell NRC; TRUE Consortium. Percentage of ingested sodium excreted in 24-hour urine collections: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2018 Sep;20(9):1220-1229. doi: 10.1111/jch.13353. Epub 2018 Aug 12. No abstract available. |
| 30281992 | Result | Geserick M, Vogel M, Gausche R, Lipek T, Spielau U, Keller E, Pfaffle R, Kiess W, Korner A. Acceleration of BMI in Early Childhood and Risk of Sustained Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2018 Oct 4;379(14):1303-1312. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1803527. |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D001522 | Behavior, Animal |
| D001519 | Behavior |