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It was confirmed that cuffed RAE tubes with small diameter could be used, so there was no reason to use RAE cuffless tubes.
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The aim of this study is to compare the ultrasound-guidance versus auscultation to confirm optimal insertion depth of the cuffless oral Ring-Adair-Elwyn (RAE) endotracheal tube in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ultrasound | Active Comparator | Ultrasound-guided detection of endobronchial intubation depth by loss of lung sliding sign in the left lung field |
|
| Auscultation | Placebo Comparator | Auscultation-guided detection of endobronchial intubation depth by loss of breathing sound in the left lung field |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ultrasound-guided determination of cuffless RAE tube depth | Behavioral |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The proportion of optimal location of the cuffless Oral RAE tube (%) | The distance between the tip of cuffless RAE tube and right pulmonary artery is within the -5mm ~ +5mm value of the distance between the T2 mid-vertebra and carina (optimal depth) | during operation (until endotracheal extubation) up to 18 hour after induction |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| M-distance (between the carina and the T2 mid-vertebra) | The distance between T2 mid-vertebra and the carina) | during operation up to 18 hour after induction |
| Distance between the optimal depth and the relocated depth |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hee-Soo Kim, MD.PhD | Professor, Seoul National University Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hee-Soo Kim | Seoul | Soul-t'ukpyolsi | 03080 | South Korea |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28846176 | Background | Altun D, Orhan-Sungur M, Ali A, Ozkan-Seyhan T, Sivrikoz N, Camci E. The role of ultrasound in appropriate endotracheal tube size selection in pediatric patients. Paediatr Anaesth. 2017 Oct;27(10):1015-1020. doi: 10.1111/pan.13220. Epub 2017 Aug 28. | |
| 30987765 | Background | Ahn JH, Kwon E, Lee SY, Hahm TS, Jeong JS. Ultrasound-guided lung sliding sign to confirm optimal depth of tracheal tube insertion in young children. Br J Anaesth. 2019 Sep;123(3):309-315. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.03.020. Epub 2019 Apr 12. |
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|
| Auscultation-guided determination of cuffless RAE tube depth | Behavioral |
|
|
Distance between the optimal depth and the relocated depth
| during operation up to 18 hour after induction |
| Subglottic diameter at the cricoid cartilage level | Subglottic diameter at the cricoid cartilage level using neck US | during operation |
| ID and OD of optimal cuffless oral RAE tube | Internal and external diameter of optimal cuffless oral RAE tube | during operation up to 18 hour after induction |
| Time from intubation to confirming the tube depth | Time from intubation to confirming the tube depth (seconds) | during operation up to 18 hour after induction |
| Distance between the optimal depth and the manufacturer's recommended depth | Distance between the optimal depth and the manufacturer's recommended depth | during operation up to 18 hour after induction |
| Airway leakage pressure | Airway leakage pressure measured by manual ventilation with APL(Adjustable pressure-limiting) valve | during operation up to 18 hour after induction |
| Incidence of the intraoperative airway-related events | accidental extubation, endobronchial intubation, desaturation (SpO2 < 95%), etc | during operation up to 18 hour after induction |
| Incidence of the airway-related symptoms after extubation | hoarseness, stridor, laryngospasm, chest retraction, etc | up to 18 hour after induction |