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This study used a two-group pre-posttest experimental design. After completing a background survey, participants used their smartphones to uploaded photos and/or descriptions of their meals to an online platform for three days. In addition, those in the intervention group were asked to use a checklist to count the number of times they ate red/orange vegetables and to set a goal to eat one more time the next day. The dependent variable was a measure of eating behavior-an estimate (number of times/day) of red/orange vegetable intake on that day based on review of uploaded photos and descriptions. Those in the intervention group, who were asked to use a checklist to count their red/orange vegetable intake and set a goal to eat one more the next day, improved their vegetable intake.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | The experimental group were asked to count the number of times they ate any red/orange vegetables and set a goal to eat one more time the next day over three days. |
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| Control Group | No Intervention | The control group uploaded photos and/or descriptions of their meals only. They did not self-monitor their vegetable intake nor set a goal to eat more. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mobile goal-setting intervention | Behavioral | This intervention applied two constructs from the goal setting theory-self-monitoring and goal setting. Briefly, all participants were asked to take photos of all their meals and upload them with descriptions to an online platform. The participants in the experimental group were taken through two additional processes that represented these two constructs. Self-monitoring was operationalized by asking those in the experimental group to count the number of times they ate red/orange vegetables using a counting checklist. Goal setting was operationalized as asking them to set a goal to eat red/orange vegetables one more time tomorrow. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Red/orange vegetable intake | Number of times participants consumed red/orange vegetables | Three days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Susan E Middlestadt, PhD | Indiana University | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indiana University | Bloomington | Indiana | 47405 | United States |
Participant data can be shared upon reasonable request. There are identifiers with respect to photos and descriptions provided by participants in the study and these are confidential.
The data is stored in a secured storage device with the Principal Investigator. The data without any identifiers can only be shared upon a reasonable request.
Interested individuals should contact the Principal Investigator via email.
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Participants were randomized to either an experimental or a control group after they completed a preliminary questionnaire.
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