Comparison of the Effects of TENS and CTM on Primary Dysmenorrhea

Comparison of the Effects of High-frequency TENS and Connective Tissue Manipulation on the Primary Dysmenorrhea

this study was to compare the early and short-term effects of high-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) versus connective tissue manipulation (CTM) in participants with primary dysmenorrhea. Half of the participants received CTM, while the other half received TENS.

CTM and TENS each relieve dysmenorrhea pain, but they do so by different. The electrotherapy modality that is most commonly used in the treatment of dysmenorrhea is TENS. It has been reported in studies that high-frequency TENS is more effective in reducing pain than either low-frequency TENS or placebo TENS.

A scan of the literature reveals that although there are differing opinions and applications related to the number and duration of CTM, it has been shown that women with primary dysmenorrhea experience reduced pain after CTM,

Inclusion Criteria:

• being between the ages of 18-30
• having a diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea

Exclusion Criteria:

• having used an oral contraceptive in the last 3 months,
• having an active sexual life,
• pregnancy,
• having gone through childbirth,
• having a neurological deficit,
• any kind of systemic condition,
• a diagnosed gynecological condition (pelvic inflammatory diseases, endometriosis, uterus cancers, ovarian cysts, etc.),
• taking psychotherapeutic drugs.