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The aim of the present study is to investigate reliability in dyslexic children and compare it with healthy peers.
Assessments methods are very important for the detection and treatment of such problems and there is a need for studies that can be applied for the dyslexia group. However fewer attempts have been made to demonstrate the reliability of balance impairments tools in dyslexic children. The DGI is a test that has been used a lot lately because of its minimal requirement for space and equipment, as well as its ability to be used with different patients' groups. The aim of the present study is to investigate reliability in dyslexic children and compare it with healthy peers.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dyslexia Group | 30 patients will be included. Dynamic Gait Index and other assessments will be performed twice with a 7-day interval by two evaluators |
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| Healthy Control Group | 30 healthy children will be included. Dynamic Gait Index will be performed. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dynamic Gait Index | Other | The Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) measures functionality and dynamic balance in walking and stair climbing. The DGI consists of 8 items including normal gait on flat ground, gait with speed changes, gait with horizontal head movements, gait with vertical head movements, gait and pivot turn, gait and step over an obstacle, gait around obstacles and steps up and downstairs. The performance on each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (severe disorder) to 3 (independent walking). The total score is 24. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Dynamic Gait Index | The Dynamic Gait Index measures functionality and dynamic balance in walking and stair climbing. The DGI consists of 8 items including normal gait on flat ground, gait with speed changes, gait with horizontal head movements, gait with vertical head movements, gait and pivot turn, gait and step over obstacle, gait around obstacles and steps up and down stairs. The performance on each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (severe disorder) to 3 (independent walking). The total score is 24. | Day 0 |
| The Dynamic Gait Index | The Dynamic Gait Index measures functionality and dynamic balance in walking and stair climbing. The DGI consists of 8 items including normal gait on flat ground, gait with speed changes, gait with horizontal head movements, gait with vertical head movements, gait and pivot turn, gait and step over obstacle, gait around obstacles and steps up and down stairs. The performance on each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (severe disorder) to 3 (independent walking). The total score is 24. | Day 3 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Timed Up and Go Test | The Timed Up and Go is a test used to measure mobility and evaluates walking speed, posture control, functional mobility and balance. | Day 0 |
| Functional Reach Test | Functional Reach Test (FRT) is a static balance test. Measurement is carried out by a tape measure attached to the wall parallel to the floor. The individual was standing parallel to a wall with the feet shoulder wide apart and the shoulders extended at 90 degrees flexion; in this position the third metacarpal head was recorded as the initial position. Then, the patient was asked to reach as forward as (s)he can, without taking a step. Again, the evaluator determined the position of the third metacarpal. The difference in centimeters between the first and second marks determined the FRT value. The FRT was performed three times and average value was taken. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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30 dyslexia patients, between 8 - 14 years of age, and 30 healthy volunteer peers
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Naime Evrim Karadag-Saygi, Prof | Department of PM&R, Marmara University School of Medicine | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marmara University School of Medicine Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation | Istanbul | 34890 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21498044 | Result | Barela JA, Dias JL, Godoi D, Viana AR, de Freitas PB. Postural control and automaticity in dyslexic children: the relationship between visual information and body sway. Res Dev Disabil. 2011 Sep-Oct;32(5):1814-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.03.011. Epub 2011 Apr 16. | |
| 17852286 | Result | Cattaneo D, Jonsdottir J, Repetti S. Reliability of four scales on balance disorders in persons with multiple sclerosis. Disabil Rehabil. 2007 Dec 30;29(24):1920-5. doi: 10.1080/09638280701191859. Epub 2007 Apr 26. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004410 | Dyslexia |
| D020233 | Gait Disorders, Neurologic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007806 | Language Disorders |
| D003147 | Communication Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
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|
| Day 0 |
| 24960554 | Result | de Freitas PB, Pedao ST, Barela JA. Visuomotor processing and hand force coordination in dyslexic children during a visually guided manipulation task. Res Dev Disabil. 2014 Oct;35(10):2352-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.06.002. Epub 2014 Jun 22. |
| 26162071 | Result | Gouleme N, Gerard CL, Bucci MP. The Effect of Training on Postural Control in Dyslexic Children. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 10;10(7):e0130196. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130196. eCollection 2015. |
| 17676356 | Result | Kapoula Z, Bucci MP. Postural control in dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. J Neurol. 2007 Sep;254(9):1174-83. doi: 10.1007/s00415-006-0460-0. Epub 2007 Aug 3. |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D000067559 | Specific Learning Disorder |
| D007859 | Learning Disabilities |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |