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Patients with symptomatic teeth who applied endodontic clinic between April 2019 and December 2019 for root canal treatment were enrolled in this study. All patients were asked to fill four different rating scales: numerical rating scale, visual analogue scale, color analogue scale and faces rating scale for their relevant tooth which is symptomatic and need of root canal treatment. The four scales were then compared statistically.
50 patients who applied endodontic clinic between April 2019 and December 2019 and had symptomatic teeth which were in need of root canal treatment were enrolled for this study. Study detail were explained to all patients and they were then kindly asked to signed a consent form. All patients diagnose, age, gender, tooth number were recorded. Patients were then asked to fill four different pain rating scale in an electronic pain rating scale program. Numerical rating scale (NRS) was a scale between "0" and "10", with "0" indicating no pain while "10" indicating worst pain possible. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was a straight line of 10 cm with one end of the line indicated no pain whilst the other end indicated worst pain possible. Color analogue scale (CAS) was the same length of straight line as in VAS with a color change towards to worst pain possible end. Faces rating scale (FRS) consisted of six different faces indicating the level of pain with the first face indicated no pain while the last face indicated worst pain possible. After the patients marked their pain intensity levels in all four scales the results were statistically analyzed to compared the accuracy of four scales with VAS being the golden standard.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| pain rating scales | Experimental | patients were asked to marked their pain intensity level on numerical rating scale between 0 and 10, on visual analogue scale, a straight line with one end indicating "no pain" and the other end indicating "worst pain possible". on color analogue scale, a straight line with one end indicating "no pain" and the other end indicating "worst pain possible"and color change towards to "worst pain possible" end and on a faces rating scale which consisted of six different faces representing different levels of pain intensity with the first face indicating "no pain" whilst last face indicating "worst pain possible". The result was recorded as pain intensity level. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| numerical rating scale | Diagnostic Test | patients were asked to marked their pain intensity level on numerical rating scale between 0 and 10 and the result was recorded as pain intensity level. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| numerical rating scale | pain intesity level of patients were recorded on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain posbile) | through study completion, an average of 1 year |
| visual analogue scale | Patients were asked to mark their pain intesity level on a 10 cm line with one end indicating "no pain" and the other end "worst pain possible". The distance between "no pain" and the mark indicates the pain intesity level. | through study completion, an average of 1 year |
| color analogue scale | Patients were asked to mark their pain intesity level on a 10 cm color changing line with one end indicating "no pain" and the other end "worst pain possible". The distance between "no pain" and the mark indicates the pain intesity level. | through study completion, an average of 1 year |
| faces rating scale | faces rating scale consists of 6 faces with the first face indicating "no pain" and the last face indicating "worst pain possbile" | through study completion, an average of 1 year |
| comparison of four rating scales | all four pain rating scales (numerical rating scale, visual analogue scale, color analogue scale, faces rating scale) were compared to analyze correlation. | through study completion, an average of 1 year |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Tan F EYUBOGLU, PhD, DDS | Assistant Professor | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbul Medipol University School of Dentistry | Istanbul | 34083 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16320034 | Result | Haefeli M, Elfering A. Pain assessment. Eur Spine J. 2006 Jan;15 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S17-24. doi: 10.1007/s00586-005-1044-x. Epub 2005 Dec 1. | |
| 8008411 | Result | Price DD, Bush FM, Long S, Harkins SW. A comparison of pain measurement characteristics of mechanical visual analogue and simple numerical rating scales. Pain. 1994 Feb;56(2):217-226. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(94)90097-3. |
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IPD will not be shared.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D014098 | Toothache |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D014076 | Tooth Diseases |
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all 50 patients marked their pain intensity levels of their relevant tooth in four different rating scales.
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| visual analogue scale | Other | Patients were asked to marked their pain intensity level on visual analogue scale, a straight line with one end indicating "no pain" and the other end indicating "worst pain possible". Then the distance between no pain end and patients' mark was measured and recorded as pain intensity level. |
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| color analogue scale | Other | Patients were asked to marked their pain intensity level on color analogue scale, a straight line with one end indicating "no pain" and the other end indicating "worst pain possible"and color change towards to "worst pain possible" end. Then the distance between no pain end and patients' mark was measured and recorded as pain intensity level. |
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| faces rating scale | Other | Patients were asked marked their pain on a faces rating scale which consisted of six different faces representing different levels of pain intensity with the first face indicating "no pain" whilst last face indicating "worst pain possible". The result was recorded as pain intensity level. |
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| 3785962 | Result | Jensen MP, Karoly P, Braver S. The measurement of clinical pain intensity: a comparison of six methods. Pain. 1986 Oct;27(1):117-126. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(86)90228-9. |
| 7267140 | Result | Kremer E, Atkinson HJ, Ignelzi RJ. Measurement of pain: patient preference does not confound pain measurement. Pain. 1981 Apr;10(2):241-248. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(81)90199-8. |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
| D005157 | Facial Pain |