Cross sectional case-control study investigating the difference of volatile organic compound in the exhaled breath of the patients with GI bleeding and normal population.

This study investigates the difference of volatile organic compound in the exhaled breath of the patients with GI bleeding and normal population. We aimed to find out the biomarkers for GI bleeding.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged between 20 and 80
• Low possibility of gastrointestinal bleeding was proven by esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy which were performed within 1 year.
• NSAID non-user (within 1 months before the date of inclusion)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of malignancy diagnosed within 5 years
• Past medical history of chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic lung disease, chronic bronchial disease, asthma
• Surgical history of any kind of gastrectomy
• Surgical history of any kind of lung resection which could impact the patient's lung function.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged 20-80
• Patients who visited emergency room and suspected to have recent or active gastrointestinal bleeding
• Patients who are scheduled to undergo esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of malignancy diagnosed within 5 years
• Past medical history of chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic lung disease, chronic bronchial disease, asthma
• Surgical history of any kind of gastrectomy
• Surgical history of any kind of lung resection which could impact the patient's lung function.