Observational Cohort of Pancreatic Echo-endoscopy

Score of Echogenicity and Pancreatic Echo-endoscopy

Metabolic syndrome is defined by the presence of at least two of the following five criteria: abdominal perimeter> 94 cm in men, 80 cm in women, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, HTA and hyperglycemia.

The metabolic syndrome can lead to ultrasound hepatic steatosis in 20 to 40% of cases depending on the population studied (overweight vs obesity). What is the impact of this syndrome on pancreatic echogenicity?

Little is known about the pathogenesis of the fatty pancreas. Fat can replace acinar cells and / or pancreatic endocrine cells (1). To date, there are no biomarkers allowing the detection of a fatty pancreas. It appears that older age, male, obesity, alcohol consumption, high triglycerides, high ALT, diabetes or insulin resistance, fatty liver and metabolic syndrome are risk factors for a fatty pancreas (2,3,4).To the investigator's knowledge, these different factors have not been evaluated on the impact of pancreatic echogenecity in endosonography. The objective of this study is to correlate the factors making up the metabolic syndrome with pancreatic echogenecity.

Inclusion Criteria:

• any consecutive patient, having a high echo-endoscopy
• for an extra pancreatic cause, such as the search for a cholelithiasis, (the pancreas will be studied completely)
• for esophageal pathologies, (the pancreas will be studied completely)
• for gastric pathologies, (the pancreas will be studied completely)
• for cystic lesions of the pancreas (pancreas studied upstream and downstream)
• for submucosal tumors (esophageal / gastric / duodenal)
• for abdominal pain of undetermined origin

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with pancreatic and / or tissue damage with dilated wirsung canal and / or acute or chronic pancreatitis.
• Patients having contraindication to general anesthesia