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This is the first phase II randomized clinical trial of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with or without EGFR blocker Nimotuzumab for high risk advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) , determining whether concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT) combined with nimotuzumab can improve the survival rate of high-risk patients and may provide new evidence for individualized comprehensive treatment of locally advanced NPC.
Currently, although NCCN(National Comprehensive Cancer Network) guidelines recommend induction chemotherapy combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy as IIA level-evidenced treatment for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage II-IVa),there is still about 20-30% of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma experienced recurrence and metastasis after radical treatment.
Our previous results showed that patients with plasma Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) DNA> 0 copy/mL or stable disease/progressive disease(SD/PD) after induction chemotherapy had a significantly higher risk of disease progression than patients with plasma EBV DNA=0 copy/mL and complete response/partial response(CR/PR),according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). As for these high-risk patients, the urgent clinical problem to be solved is whether increased treatment intensity during concurrent chemoradiotherapy can improve their survival rates.
Epidermal growth factor (EGFR) is an important therapeutic target for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Multiple retrospective studies have shown that chemoradiotherapy combined with the EGFR blocker nimotuzumab improved the survival rate of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma compared with chemoradiotherapy alone. However, phase II randomized clinical trial about the incorporation of nimotuzumab into concurrent chemoradiotherapy is still limited.
This is the first phase II randomized clinical trial of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with or without Nimotuzumab for high risk locally advanced NPC patients, determining whether concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with nimotuzumab can improve the survival rate of high-risk patients and may provide new evidence for individualized comprehensive treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| CCRT + Nimotuzumab | Experimental | Patients whose plasma EBV DNA> 0 copy/mL or SD/PD according to RECIST after two cycle induction chemotherapy( TPF :Paclitaxel liposome135mg/m2 d1+DDP 25mg/m2 d1-d3+ 5-fu 750mg /m2/day civ120h, every 3 weeks for 2 courses) will have concurrent cisplatin (100mg/m2, every three weeks,D1,D22,D43 of intensity modulated radiotherapy) + nimotuzumab (200mg, once a week during radiotherapy, a total of 7 weeks) |
|
| CCRT alone | Active Comparator | Patients whose plasma EBV DNA> 0 copy/mL or SD/PD according to RECIST after two cycle induction chemotherapy( TPF :Paclitaxel liposome135mg/m2 d1+DDP 25mg/m2 d1-d3+ 5-fu 5-fu 750mg /m2/day civ120h, every 3 weeks for 2 courses) will have concurrent cisplatin (100mg/m2, every three weeks,D1,D22,D43 of intensity modulated radiotherapy) ) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCRT+Nimotuzumab | Drug | concurrent cisplatin (100mg/m2, every three weeks,D1,D22,D43 of intensity modulated radiotherapy) + Nimotuzumab (200mg, once a week during radiotherapy, a total of 7 weeks) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Progress-free survival (PFS) | Defined from date of randomization to date of first documentation of progression or death due to any cause | 2 years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival (OS) the last follow-up. | Defined from date of randomization to date of first documentation of death from any cause or censored at the date of the last follow-up. | 2 years |
| Locoregional Relapse-Free Survival (LRFS) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Haiqiang Mai, MD,PhD | Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sun Yat-sen Universitty Cancer Center | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 510060 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16192584 | Background | Lee AW, Lau WH, Tung SY, Chua DT, Chappell R, Xu L, Siu L, Sze WM, Leung TW, Sham JS, Ngan RK, Law SC, Yau TK, Au JS, O'Sullivan B, Pang ES, O SK, Au GK, Lau JT; Hong Kong Nasopharyngeal Cancer Study Group. Preliminary results of a randomized study on therapeutic gain by concurrent chemotherapy for regionally-advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: NPC-9901 Trial by the Hong Kong Nasopharyngeal Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Oct 1;23(28):6966-75. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2004.00.7542. | |
| 27918720 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077274 | Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002277 | Carcinoma |
| D009375 | Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial |
| D009370 | Neoplasms by Histologic Type |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C501466 | nimotuzumab |
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|
| CCRT alone | Drug | concurrent cisplatin (100mg/m2, every three weeks,D1,D22,D43 of intensity modulated radiotherapy ) |
|
Defined from date of randomization to date of first documentation of locoregional relapse or the date of death from any cause or until the date of the last follow-up visit
| 2 years |
| Distant Metastasis-Free Survival (DMFS) | Defined from date of randomization to date of first documentation of distant metastases or the date of death from any cause or until the date of the last follow-up visit | 2 years |
| Objective Response Rate (ORR) | An objective response is defined as either a confirmed CR or a PR, as determined by the investigator using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST1.1) from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Three months after the completion of the CCRT with or without Nimotuzumab treatment |
| Incidence rate of adverse events (AEs) | Analysis of acute and late adverse events (AEs) are evaluated. Numbers of patients of treatment-related adverse events(acute toxicity) as assessed by CTCAE v5.0.Numbers of patients of late radiation toxicities were assessed using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer late radiation morbidity scoring scheme. | 2 years |
| Evaluate EGFR expression level and EGFR Gene Copy Number as a predictive marker for survival outcomes | Pre-treatment EGFR expression level and EGFR Gene Copy Number is evaluated by means of immunohistochemical testing and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively. | 2 years |
| Correlation between the frequency of EGFR-specific T cells after treatment and survival outcomes | The frequency of anti-EGFR specific T cells is evaluated centrally by means of flow cytometry | 2 years |
| Plasma EBV DNA copy number | Plasma EBV DNA copy number in both arms was assessed by Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) at pretreatment, after two cycle induction chemotherapy, during CCRT and follow up time . The predictive value of plasma EBV DNA copy number was assessed by survival analysis. | 2 years |
| Background |
| Ribassin-Majed L, Marguet S, Lee AWM, Ng WT, Ma J, Chan ATC, Huang PY, Zhu G, Chua DTT, Chen Y, Mai HQ, Kwong DLW, Cheah SL, Moon J, Tung Y, Chi KH, Fountzilas G, Bourhis J, Pignon JP, Blanchard P. What Is the Best Treatment of Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma? An Individual Patient Data Network Meta-Analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Feb 10;35(5):498-505. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.4119. Epub 2016 Dec 5. |
| 25957714 | Background | Blanchard P, Lee A, Marguet S, Leclercq J, Ng WT, Ma J, Chan AT, Huang PY, Benhamou E, Zhu G, Chua DT, Chen Y, Mai HQ, Kwong DL, Cheah SL, Moon J, Tung Y, Chi KH, Fountzilas G, Zhang L, Hui EP, Lu TX, Bourhis J, Pignon JP; MAC-NPC Collaborative Group. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an update of the MAC-NPC meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2015 Jun;16(6):645-55. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)70126-9. Epub 2015 May 6. |
| 21398385 | Background | Bossi P, Orlandi E, Bergamini C, Locati LD, Granata R, Mirabile A, Parolini D, Franceschini M, Fallai C, Olmi P, Quattrone P, Potepan P, Gloghini A, Miceli R, Mattana F, Scaramellini G, Licitra L. Docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil-based induction chemotherapy followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy concurrent with cisplatin in locally advanced EBV-related nasopharyngeal cancer. Ann Oncol. 2011 Nov;22(11):2495-2500. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdq783. Epub 2011 Mar 11. |
| 31150573 | Background | Zhang Y, Chen L, Hu GQ, Zhang N, Zhu XD, Yang KY, Jin F, Shi M, Chen YP, Hu WH, Cheng ZB, Wang SY, Tian Y, Wang XC, Sun Y, Li JG, Li WF, Li YH, Tang LL, Mao YP, Zhou GQ, Sun R, Liu X, Guo R, Long GX, Liang SQ, Li L, Huang J, Long JH, Zang J, Liu QD, Zou L, Su QF, Zheng BM, Xiao Y, Guo Y, Han F, Mo HY, Lv JW, Du XJ, Xu C, Liu N, Li YQ, Chua MLK, Xie FY, Sun Y, Ma J. Gemcitabine and Cisplatin Induction Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019 Sep 19;381(12):1124-1135. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1905287. Epub 2019 May 31. |
| 12419787 | Background | Chan AT, Lo YM, Zee B, Chan LY, Ma BB, Leung SF, Mo F, Lai M, Ho S, Huang DP, Johnson PJ. Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA and residual disease after radiotherapy for undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Nov 6;94(21):1614-9. doi: 10.1093/jnci/94.21.1614. |
| 20943358 | Background | Hou X, Zhao C, Guo Y, Han F, Lu LX, Wu SX, Li S, Huang PY, Huang H, Zhang L. Different clinical significance of pre- and post-treatment plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA load in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2011 Mar;23(2):128-33. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2010.09.001. Epub 2010 Oct 12. |
| 26530755 | Background | Liu LT, Tang LQ, Chen QY, Zhang L, Guo SS, Guo L, Mo HY, Zhao C, Guo X, Cao KJ, Qian CN, Zeng MS, Bei JX, Hong MH, Shao JY, Sun Y, Ma J, Mai HQ. The Prognostic Value of Plasma Epstein-Barr Viral DNA and Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced-Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2015 Nov 15;93(4):862-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.08.003. Epub 2015 Aug 7. |
| 30682489 | Background | Huang CL, Sun ZQ, Guo R, Liu X, Mao YP, Peng H, Tian L, Lin AH, Li L, Shao JY, Sun Y, Ma J, Tang LL. Plasma Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Load After Induction Chemotherapy Predicts Outcome in Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2019 Jun 1;104(2):355-361. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.01.007. Epub 2019 Jan 23. |
| 11595683 | Background | Ciardiello F, Tortora G. A novel approach in the treatment of cancer: targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Oct;7(10):2958-70. |
| 12235219 | Background | Mendelsohn J. Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor for cancer therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Sep 15;20(18 Suppl):1S-13S. No abstract available. |
| 15093894 | Background | Chua DT, Nicholls JM, Sham JS, Au GK. Prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor expression in patients with advanced stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 May 1;59(1):11-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2003.10.038. |
| 20046573 | Background | Ramakrishnan MS, Eswaraiah A, Crombet T, Piedra P, Saurez G, Iyer H, Arvind AS. Nimotuzumab, a promising therapeutic monoclonal for treatment of tumors of epithelial origin. MAbs. 2009 Jan-Feb;1(1):41-8. doi: 10.4161/mabs.1.1.7509. |
| 27974693 | Background | Huang JF, Zhang FZ, Zou QZ, Zhou LY, Yang B, Chu JJ, Yu JH, Zhang HW, Yuan XP, Tai GM, Liu FJ, Ma CC. Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation and nimotuzumab for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: preliminary results from a phase II clinical trial. Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 10;8(2):2457-2465. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13899. |
| 29483965 | Background | Wang F, Sun Q, Jiang C, Liu T, Rihito A, Masoto S, Wang Y, Fu Z, Chen M. Additional induction chemotherapy to concurrent chemotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy with or without nimotuzumab in first-line treatment for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a propensity score matched analysis. J Cancer. 2018 Jan 1;9(3):594-603. doi: 10.7150/jca.20461. eCollection 2018. |
| 27016412 | Background | Liu ZG, Zhao Y, Tang J, Zhou YJ, Yang WJ, Qiu YF, Wang H. Nimotuzumab combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective analysis. Oncotarget. 2016 Apr 26;7(17):24429-35. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8225. |
| 29046165 | Background | Fangzheng W, Chuner J, Zhiming Y, Tongxin L, Fengqin Y, Lei W, Bin L, Fujun H, Ming C, Weifeng Q, Zhenfu F. Long-Term Use of Nimotuzumab in Combination With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Experience of a Single Institution. Oncol Res. 2018 Mar 5;26(2):277-287. doi: 10.3727/096504017X15079846743590. Epub 2017 Oct 18. |
| 41916997 | Derived | Liu LT, Sun XS, Quan TT, Li XY, Guo L, Mo HY, Guo SS, Liu SL, Huang Y, Luo DH, Sun R, Jia GD, Li JB, Liu Q, Wang P, Liang YJ, Chen J, Li YF, Cheng H, Xia WX, Qiu F, Yang JH, Yang Q, Wen DX, Yan JJ, Zhao C, Chen QY, Tang LQ, Mai HQ. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus nimotuzumab versus chemoradiotherapy alone for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma with a suboptimal response to induction chemotherapy: a randomized phase 2 trial. Nat Commun. 2026 Mar 31;17(1):4631. doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-71019-5. |
| D009303 |
| Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms |
| D010610 | Pharyngeal Neoplasms |
| D010039 | Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms |
| D006258 | Head and Neck Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009302 | Nasopharyngeal Diseases |
| D010608 | Pharyngeal Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
| D010038 | Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases |