Biomaterial-based cell culture models have been gaining increasing attention as potential therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this project is to evaluate whether the cell detachment ratio on pH-responsive chitosan could be correlated with the overall survival in lung cancer patients. Through controllable cell-material interaction, this project has the intention to develop an alternative tool for both early diagnosis and accurate prognosis in cancer therapeutics.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Lung cancer patient between 20-70 years old who need surgery for the resection of lung lesions.
• Willing to sign the consent form under the informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Vulnerable subjects included minors, prisoners, aborigines, pregnant women, people with mental disorders, students, and subordinates, etc.

At the discretion of the professional attending physician, the lung cancer patients who need to undergo resection of lung lesions.