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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Sonnenfeld-Stiftung | UNKNOWN |
| Robert-Enke-Stiftung | UNKNOWN |
| miha bodytec GmbH | UNKNOWN |
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The study investigates the acute psychological effects of a whole-body-workout using Electromyostimulation (EMS) in participants with depression and healthy individuals.
EMS-whole-body-workouts are less time-consuming and effort-intensive but generate physical effects which are comparable to conventional strength training. Therefore EMS could lower the barrier to physical activity. The present study focusses on acute psychological effects of an EMS workout - especially with regard to the reduction of depressive symptoms. Physical activity is notably important for patients with depression and shows multiple positive psychological and physical effects. But due to disease-related factors like lethargy, physical activity is far too rarely implemented. Therefore EMS-whole-body-workouts could provide an opportunity to generate positive psychological effects through a less (subjective) cost-intense strength training.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental-Condition | Experimental | 20 minutes whole-body-workout with simultaneous muscle stimulation (EMS). Participants carry out easy whole-body-exercises while wearing a EMS-vest-belt-system with interwoven electrodes. During the workout the muscles are simultaneously stimulated by those external electrodes with medium level (5) of stimulation intensity. |
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| Placebo-Condition | Placebo Comparator | 20 minutes whole-body-workout without simultaneous muscle stimulation (EMS). Participants carry out easy whole-body-exercises while wearing a EMS-vest-belt-system with interwoven electrodes. During the workout they are stimulated with the lowest possible stimulation intensity (1). This is perceptible as a slight tingling sensation but the impulse intensity lies below the muscular threshold and therefore generates no muscular activity. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| whole-body-workout | Behavioral | 20 minutes whole-body-workout |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in depressive symptoms | Depressive symptoms are measured using the State-Scale of the State-Trait Depression Scales (STDS) by Spaderna, Schmukle & Krohne (2002). The SDTS State-Scale has two subscales with each 5 likert scaled items with values ranging from 1 to 4. Higher scores mean a worse outcome for the first subscale and a better outcome for the second subscale. | From directly before the intervention to immediately after the intervention - both: before/after the EMS-training-session and before/after the Placebo-session |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in anxiety symptoms | Anxiety symptoms are measured using the the State-Scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) by Laux, Glanzmann, Schaffner & Spielberger (1981). The STAI State-Scale has 20 likert scaled items with values ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores mean a worse outcome. | From directly before the intervention to immediately after the intervention - both: before/after the EMS-training-session and before/after the Placebo-session |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Andreas Ströhle, Prof.Dr. | Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy | Study Director |
| Antonia Bendau, M.Sc.Psych. | Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy | Berlin | 10117 | Germany |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003863 | Depression |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D000092862 | Psychological Well-Being |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D010549 | Personal Satisfaction |
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The study has a randomised placebo-controlled crossover design. Every participant exercises two training-sessions (experimental-condition, placebo-condition) in randomized order with one week fade-out phase inbetween.
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Participants are not aware of the study hypothesis.
| EMS | Device | Electromyostimulation-intensity 5 (muscle stimulation) |
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| EMS-Placebo | Device | Electromyostimulation-intensity 1 (no muscle stimulation) |
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| Change in general self-efficacy | General self-efficacy is measured using the General-Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) by Jerusalem & Schwarzer (1981). The GSE has 10 likert scaled items with values ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores mean a better outcome. | From directly before the intervention to immediately after the intervention - both: before/after the EMS-training-session and before/after the Placebo-session |
| Change in intention for physical activity | Intention for physical activity is measured using two likert scaled items by Petzold et al. (2017). Values ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores mean a better outcome. | From directly before the intervention to immediately after the intervention - both: before/after the EMS-training-session and before/after the Placebo-session |
| Change in self-efficacy regarding physical activity | Self-efficacy is measured using two likert scaled items by Petzold et al. (2017). Values ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores mean a better outcome. | From directly before the intervention to immediately after the intervention - both: before/after the EMS-training-session and before/after the Placebo-session |