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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Salford | OTHER |
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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate a possible correlation between core muscle endurance and participants' age in healthy adult population. Secondary purpose was to identify other dependent variables influencing isometric core muscle endurance (e.g. low back pain, physical activity, gender, body mass index).
Methods: 48 (35 females, 13 males) healthy adults (aged 21-66 years) performed 4 isometric core muscle endurance tests- Biering-Sorensen, McGill V-sit, right and left side plank. A correlation between core endurance and age, gender, lower back pain (LBP), physical activity level (PAL), and body mass index (BMI) was calculated.
This is the first study to investigate the core muscle endurance of different age groups and genders with all four endurance tests of the core.
Since strength and endurance are key to keeping healthy as we age and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and European guidelines advocate them, this study aims to look at the 3 main measurements of core endurance namely flexor, extensor and lateral muscles, and the possible correlations with age, PAL, existence of LBP, BMI and gender. Each participant performed 4 isometric core endurance tests in the same order- 1. Biering-Sorensen, 2.-3. side plank on both sides, and 4. McGill V-sit. All participants were tested by the same tester to reduce potential differences in procedure and testing error. The four tests were each measured using a stopwatch and documented in seconds. Each participant was told the time they had reached during testing to improve their motivation. Pain during testing was documented.
Based on the normative data of abdominal muscle endurance for young adults Null hypothesis (H0)- There is no significant difference in endurance tests for age, presence of LBP or PAL. Hypothesis (H1)- Any significant difference in endurance tests for age, presence of LBP or PAL are due to chance factors. This is a two-tailed hypothesis, as previous evidence shows conflicting results. Pearson's correlation and Independent T-test in SPSS (The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) were used to confirm or reject the possible correlations between the core muscle endurance and age, LBP, PAL, gender, BMI, and participants' job.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| healthy working age population | Other | isometric core muscle endurance tests (McGill V-sit, Biering-Sorensen and sideplank) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| isometric core muscle endurance testing | Other | holding previously described isometric positions until fatigue |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Core Muscle Endurance | time in seconds after summing the results of all 4 tests | at the time of testing, in 1 hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Body Mass Index | weight(kg)/height(cm)2 Value under 18.5 is considered underweight, over 25 overweight, and over 30 obese. | during the time of testing, in 1 h |
| Physical Activity Level Questionnaire |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Lynne E Gaskell, MSc | Supervisor | Principal Investigator |
| Hanna Holmberg, MSc | student | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Salford | Manchester | Salford | M6 6PU | United Kingdom |
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Participants were recruited from the general population with different lifestyles and jobs.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Healthy Working Age Population | isometric core muscle endurance tests (McGill V-sit, Biering-Sorensen and sideplank) isometric core muscle endurance testing: holding previously described isometric positions until fatigue |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Healthy Working Age Population | isometric core muscle endurance tests (McGill V-sit, Biering-Sorensen and sideplank) isometric core muscle endurance testing: holding previously described isometric positions until fatigue |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical | Participants were viewed separately as well as in two groups- participants up to 40 years and participants over 40 years. |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Core Muscle Endurance | time in seconds after summing the results of all 4 tests | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | seconds | at the time of testing, in 1 hour |
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Data was collected on a nonspecific time of the day, in 1 hour
All possible health risks were excluded in recruitment phase as it was considered as exclusion criteria. Also, each participant was allowed to stop at any time during the testing. All possible other events were recorded from participants' feedback during and right after testing.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Healthy Working Age Population | the sum of 4 isometric core muscle endurance tests (McGill V-sit, Biering-Sorensen and sideplank on each side) isometric core muscle endurance testing: holding previously described isometric positions until fatigue |
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| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shoulder, elbow, lower back pain | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | pain | Non-systematic Assessment | Pain during testing |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISOMETRIC CORE MUSCLE ENDURANCE IN HEALTHY ACTIVE AND NON-ACTIVE WORKING AGE POPULATIONS | University of Salford | 07488550768 | H.Holmberg@edu.salford.ac.uk |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | May 28, 2018 | Feb 23, 2020 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | May 28, 2018 | Feb 23, 2020 | ICF_001.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017116 | Low Back Pain |
| D003075 | Coitus |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001416 | Back Pain |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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physical activity level based on national and international recommendations
| at the time of testing, last 2 weeks |
| Number of Participants Who Have Experienced Non-specific Lower Back Pain | categorical data, experience of nonspecific low back pain up to 6 months before the assessment | up to 6 months before the assessment |
| Count of Participants |
| Participants |
|
| Age, Continuous | Mean | Full Range | years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant. | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Body Mass Index | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | Kg/m^2 |
|
| Number of participants considered active | Based on national and international guidelines. It is suggested that adults aged between 18 and 65 should do moderate-intensity aerobic physical activities for a minimum of 30 minutes, 5 times a week, or high-intensity aerobic activities 20 minutes, 3 times a week. Participants who met the above guideline were considered as active. | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Number of participants who have experienced non-specific lower back pain | Participants were asked if they have experienced non-specific lower back pain in last 6 months. | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
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| Secondary | Body Mass Index | weight(kg)/height(cm)2 Value under 18.5 is considered underweight, over 25 overweight, and over 30 obese. | Posted | Mean | Inter-Quartile Range | units on a scale | during the time of testing, in 1 h |
|
|
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| Secondary | Physical Activity Level Questionnaire | physical activity level based on national and international recommendations | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | at the time of testing, last 2 weeks |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Number of Participants Who Have Experienced Non-specific Lower Back Pain | categorical data, experience of nonspecific low back pain up to 6 months before the assessment | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | up to 6 months before the assessment |
|
|
|
| 0 |
| 48 |
| 0 |
| 48 |
| 12 |
| 48 |
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| D013568 |
| Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D012725 | Sexual Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |