Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The effects of orofarangeal exercises (OE) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on sleep quality, disease severity, and airway muscle tone have been investigated in several studies. IMT and OE exercise modalities for patients and practitioners have advantages and disadvantages. It is recommended to compare exercise modalities in the studies. Whether OE or IMT exercise type is more effective on disease severity, sleep quality and snoring has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training and oropharyngeal exercises in patients with OSAS in terms of disease severity, snoring, daytime sleepiness, respiratory muscle strength and sleep quality.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oropharyngeal exercises | Experimental | Oropharyngeal exercises include soft palate, tongue and facial muscle exercises as well as stomatognathic function exercises. Training sessions were held once a day, 5 days a week for 12 weeks under the supervision of a mirror. |
|
| Inspiratory muscle training | Experimental | The inspiratory muscle training group was administered for 12 weeks starting from 30% of maximal oral pressure, 7 days a week, 15 minutes twice a day. Patients came to the control once a week, mouth pressures were measured and training pressure was adjusted in 30% of the new value. |
|
| Control | No Intervention | This group was only monitorized without any rehabilitation intervention. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| respiratory muscle strengthening exercise | Other | These exercises strengthen locally inspiratory muscles. IMT can be done with threshold loaded devices. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Polysomnography | Sleep efficiency, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Higher sleep efficiency and lower AHI values shows that patient have better status and lower disease severity | 2 day |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maximal inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength measurement with mouth pressure device | Respiratory muscle strength | 6 day |
| 6 minute walk test | Exercise capacity |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
*To be diagnosed with mild, moderate and severe OSAS.
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Adem Celik, MD | Ahi Evren Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Hospital | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trabzon Ahi Evren Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital | Trabzon | Turkey (Türkiye) |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| oropharyngeal muscles strengthening exercise | Other | These exercises strengthen locally oropharyngeal muscles. Oropharyngeal exercise can be done with some facial movements . |
|
| 2 day |
| Epworth Sleepiness Scale | minimum and maximum scores: 0-24. The higher the ESS score, the higher that person's average sleep propensity in daily life (ASP), or their 'daytime sleepiness' | 2 day |
| Berlin Questionnaire | Snoring frequency (0-3) and severity (0-4). Higher scores show higher snoring frequency and severity | 2 day |
| Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire | Quality of life related with sleep. Minimum and maximum scores: 0-16. Higher scores show worse sleep related quality of life | 2 day |
| The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index | Sleep quality. Minimum and maximum scores: 0-21. Higher scores show worse sleep quality | 2 day |
| Fatigue Severity Scale | Fatigue severity. Minimum and maximum scores: 0-7. Scores higher than 4 shows high intensity fatigue perception | 2 day |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020181 | Sleep Apnea, Obstructive |
| D007319 | Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012891 | Sleep Apnea Syndromes |
| D001049 | Apnea |
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D020919 | Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic |
| D020920 | Dyssomnias |
| D012893 | Sleep Wake Disorders |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
Not provided
Not provided