This study compares the effect of two techniques of uterine closure, with or without endometrial suturing on isthmocele development after cesarean section.

Cesarean section is the most common surgery performed on pregnant women. Poor healing of the incision of the uterus leads to isthmocele development. Long-term morbidities associated with isthmocele are uterine scar pregnancy, uterine perforation, pelvic pain, and spotting-style bleeding after menstruation. Many factors that may affect the healing of uterine scar have been studied in the literature (i.e. Double or single-layer closure, locked or unlocked closure, uterine retroflection). Suturing complete fold of the wound lips during the closure of the uterus may cause the endometrial layer to be embedded in the myometrium and to form niche tissue. The study hypothesized that isthmocele development can be reduced by suturing without enclosing the endometrium during uterine closure.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Term pregnancy (≥37 weeks of gestation)
• Singleton pregnancy
• Primary cesarean

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previous cesarean section
• Previous uterine surgery
• Multiple gestations
• Mullerian anomalies
• Active labor
• Placenta previa/accreta

Women