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Primary headache can be triggered by light or noise. Getting rest in a quiet and dark environment for the treatment of acute headache is recommended for relief of pain during an attack. It is hard to provide this kind of environment in a busy emergency department. We aimed to determine if eye masks and noise reduction head sets are effective in reducing pain scores, fastening pain relief when used together with standard care. We also aimed to see if these methods were preferred over standard care.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| standard drug | Active Comparator | Standard treatment of primary headache with 10 mg metoclopramide IV in 150 ml saline given over 10 minutes |
|
| drug mask | Active Comparator | Standard treatment plus eye mask |
|
| drug headset | Active Comparator | Standard treatment plus headset |
|
| drug mask headset | Active Comparator | Standard treatment plus headset plus eye mask |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mask | Other | investigators will add eye mask to standard treatment |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| change in pain | Change in pain measured by visual analogue scale from baseline measurement achieved at min 0. Investigators will use a 100mm visual analogue scale in which 0 represents no pain and 100 mm represents worse pain ever | 30 min |
| change in pain | Change in pain measured by visual analogue scale from baseline measurement achieved at min 0. Investigators will use a 100mm visual analogue scale in which 0 represents no pain and 100 mm represents worse pain ever | 60 min |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| need for rescue analgesic drug | Patients will be asked in one question if they need any additional analgesic or if they are comfortable enough. If a patients wants additional analgesics, regardless of their pain score measured by Visual analogue scale he/she will be given dexketoprofen | 60 min |
| preference of method over standard treatment |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gül Pamukçu Günaydın, MD | Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AnkaraCHBilkent | Ankara | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27580344 | Result | Anagnostou E, Vikelis M, Tzavellas E, Ghika A, Kouzi I, Evdokimidis I, Kararizou E. Photophobia in primary headaches, in essential blepharospasm and in major depression. Int J Neurosci. 2017 Aug;127(8):673-679. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2016.1231185. Epub 2016 Sep 13. | |
| 23356519 | Result | Wang J, Huang Q, Li N, Tan G, Chen L, Zhou J. Triggers of migraine and tension-type headache in China: a clinic-based survey. Eur J Neurol. 2013 Apr;20(4):689-96. doi: 10.1111/ene.12039. Epub 2013 Jan 28. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051270 | Headache Disorders, Primary |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020773 | Headache Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008397 | Masks |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D058257 | Surgical Attire |
| D004865 | Equipment and Supplies, Hospital |
| D004864 | Equipment and Supplies |
| D011482 | Protective Devices |
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| headset | Other | investigators will add headset to standard treatment |
|
| standard drug | Other | investigators will use 10 mg metoclopramide in 150 ml saline given IV over 10 minutes |
|
Patients will be asked in one question if they will prefer the method of treatment that they received in the study in case they have headache in the future |
| 60 min |
| 25304763 | Result | Oktay C, Eken C, Goksu E, Dora B. Contribution of verbal suggestion to the therapeutic efficacy of an analgesic agent for acute primary headache. Cephalalgia. 2015 Jun;35(7):579-84. doi: 10.1177/0333102414553821. Epub 2014 Oct 10. |
| 41315996 | Derived | Pamukcu Gunaydin G, Yildirim C, Sener A, Hassanien NTF. Earmuff and eye mask in the treatment of acute primary headache in emergency department: a randomized controlled open label study. BMC Emerg Med. 2025 Nov 28;25(1):249. doi: 10.1186/s12873-025-01405-7. |
| D000067393 | Personal Protective Equipment |
| D013523 | Surgical Equipment |
| D008420 | Manufactured Materials |
| D013676 | Technology, Industry, and Agriculture |