A standardized ERAS protocol is applied to the ERAS group based on the latest guidelines. Smoking and alcohol consumption is stopped 4 weeks before the surgery. Preoperative anemia is corrected with intravenous iron supplementation. Prolonged fasting, bowel preparation, and premedication are avoided in this group. Clear fluids are allowed up to 2 h and solids rich in carbohydrate up to 6 h hours prior to induction of anesthesia. Warmed up intravenous fluids are administered to maintain normothermia intraoperatively. This group of subjects receives general anesthesia. Volume and salt overload and drain usage are avoided to the utmost. Intravenous paracetamol is administered for postoperative analgesia before the completion of the surgical procedure. Nasogastric tube placement is avoided and catheters are removed as soon as possible. Nonopioid oral analgesics and NSAIDs are utilized for postoperative pain medication.

This group will receive conventional pre-and postoperative care.

Preoperative:

Counseling before hospital admission Fluid, and carbohydrate loading Avoiding prolongation of the fasting period Avoiding bowel preparation or its application only in selective cases Application of antibiotic prophylaxis Application of thromboprophylaxis Avoiding premedication

Intraoperative:

Use of short-acting anesthetic agents Refraining from using drains Refraining from salt, and water overload Maintenance of normothermia (heating the body, and use of warmed up intravenous fluids)

Postoperative:

Refraining from the use of nasogastric tube Prevention of nausea, and vomiting Refraining from salt, and water overload Earlier removal of catheters Initiation of oral intake at an early period Use of nonopioid oral analgesics/NSAIDs Early mobilization Adherence to the protocol, and auditing results

Hours