Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Pectus excavatum (PE); It is an anterior chest wall deformity, characterized by varying degrees of depression of the sternum and costal cartilage, usually occurring at birth or in the first year of life. In the treatment of non-severe PE; vacuum bell orthosis and physiotherapy (especially exercise) is recommended as an alternative to surgery. Although there is no literature or consensus about the role of physiotherapy, it is believed that it plays an important role in preventing or correcting deformities and creating a good cosmetic appearance. Therefore, in this study, the investigators aimed to investigate the effectiveness of exercise therapy in addition to vacuum bell therapy.
Pectus excavatum is a relatively common congenital deformity of the chest wall with an incidence of approximately 1 in every 300 births. They find that they have difficulty keeping up with their peers when playing aerobic sports. Furthermore, these patients, already embarrassed by their deformity, will avoid situations where they have to take their shirt off in front of other children, again contributing to less participation in school and team activities. Some patients may exhibit depression by withdrawing from activities with their peers and a declining quality of schoolwork. Most pectus patients have a typical geriatric or pectus posture that includes thoracic kyphosis, forward sloping shoulders and anterior pelvic tilt. A sedentary lifestyle may aggravate this posture, and the poor posture depresses the sternum even further. For this reason, the authors recommend an aggressive pectus posture exercise and breathing program.
Based on the hypothesis that the chest wall is still bendable during adolescence and that the sternum and costal ribs can be reshaped in a normal position with the external suppressor applied on the deformity, the vacuum bell, an orthosis, has been used in the conservative treatment of PE. It is the center of attention as it is an alternative method to surgery for patients.It is thought that by strengthening muscle strength and tone with exercise training, the severity of chest wall deformities can be reduced or at least prevented from progressing. It is stated that a good cosmetic appearance can be provided by exercise training especially by creating a large muscle mass on the anterior chest wall. In the single case study conducted by Canavan and Cahalin (Canavan and Cahalin, 2000) on the effect of exercise training, after 8 weeks of exercise training, the pectus severity index changed by 60% (50 millimeter decreased from 20 millimeter), and during recreational activities and shoulder pain was not found. Therefore, the investigators aimed to investigate the effectiveness of exercise therapy in addition to vacuum bell therapy.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | No Intervention | All patients will be instructed to wear the device for 1 hours for 12 weeks after being instructed on how to use the vacuum bell. The patient's relatives will be asked to keep a book in order to monitor their use. Patients who have not used the device for 5 consecutive days will be excluded from the study. The first group will be given awareness training on using one session orthosis and posture correction. | |
| Exercise Group | Active Comparator | In addition to the applications to the control group, mobilization, strengthening, posture and segmental breathing exercises will be given . All of these exercises will be combined with segmental breathing exercises depending on the location of the PE. Exercise therapy will be administered by a physiotherapist with 20 years of experience once a week and will be designed as a home program on the remaining days and will be asked to do 45 minutes twice a day (at least 4 times a week). The patient's relatives will be asked to keep a book to monitor the exercise. Patients who do not perform 5 consecutive exercise sessions will be excluded from the study. All treatments will be given for 12 weeks. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | Other | Orthosis, mobilization, strengthening, posture and segmental breathing exercises |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| External chest wall measurements | External chest wall measurements by chest caliper: Thorax-caliper measurement: Pectus severity index (T.I.): (T3/T1) * 100 (%) T1: upper edge of the manubrium, T2: Angulus Ludovici , T3: deepest point of the funnel chest, Pectus excavatum: T.I.: < 110 | Change from baseline External chest wall measurements at 12 weeks |
| patient's perception of deformity | patient's perception of deformity (0-10):The subject's self-perception of pectus excavatum was obtained through self-report using a scale from 0 (worst self-perception of pectus excavatum) to 10 (best self-perception of pectus excavatum). | Change from baseline patient's perception of deformity at 12 weeks |
| Global Rating of Change Score | The responses for the Global Rating of Change Score were "much better (2)"; "slightly better (1)"; "stayed the same (0)";"slightly worse (-1)" or "much worse (-2)" | Through study completion, an average of 12 weeks |
| Anthropometric index | The A measurement was defined as the largest anteroposterior diameter at the level of the distal third of the sternum, and the B measurement was the largest depth at the same level. The anthropometric index (AI)14 for PEX was defined as the B measurement divided by the A measurement (AI = B/A). | Change from baseline Chest anthropometric measurements at 12 weeks |
| The modified percent depth | At the level of the deepest sternal depression, the sternum, spinous process (posterior midline), and bilateral maximal anterior chest wall projections were marked with temporary ink. The anterior-posterior measurement (cd) is obtained at the lowest depression of the sternum. At the same posterior location the distance from the posterior midline to the right (ad) and left (bd) maximal anterior chest wall projections are recorded. Modified %depth: (ad-cd)/ad*100 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| New York Posture Rating Chart for posture assessment | The scores of the remaining 10 body alignment segments are summed, allowing a range ofoverall score between 0 and 100, with a score of 100 representing ideal posture. | Change from baseline score of New York Posture Rating Chart at 12 weeks |
| The Nuss Questionnaire modified for Adults (Patient form) |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nuray Alaca, PhD | Contact | +905324251290 | nuray.alaca@acibadem.edu.tr | |
| Mustafa Yüksel, Prof | Contact | +90216 566 57 79 | drmustafayuksel@gmail.com |
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acibadem University | Recruiting | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30541247 | Background | Akkas Y, Gulay Peri N, Kocer B, Gulbahar G, Baran Aksakal FN. The prevalence of chest wall deformity in Turkish children. Turk J Med Sci. 2018 Dec 12;48(6):1200-1206. doi: 10.3906/sag-1807-180. | |
| 25883894 | Background | Bahadir AT, Kuru P, Afacan C, Ermerak NO, Bostanci K, Yuksel M. Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the nuss questionnaire modified for adults. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015 Apr;48(2):112-9. doi: 10.5090/kjtcs.2015.48.2.112. Epub 2015 Apr 5. |
Not provided
Not provided
Study protocol, Informed Consent Form will be shared with the authors every two months
Every 2 months
Must be an author
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005660 | Funnel Chest |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001848 | Bone Diseases, Developmental |
| D001847 | Bone Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D009139 | Musculoskeletal Abnormalities |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
Not provided
Not provided
Prospective randomized controlled trial
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Change from baseline modified percent depth at 12 weeks |
Disease-specific health-related quality of life assessment tool for patients with pectus. The patient version of the NQ-mA includes 12 items, scored 1 to 4. Possible minimum and maximum scores are 12 and 48 in the patient form; higher scores indicate a better quality of life. |
| Change from baseline score of The Nuss Questionnaire modified for Adults (Patient form) at 12 weeks |
| The Nuss Questionnaire modified for Adults (Parent form) | Disease-specific health-related quality of life assessment tool for patients with parent. The parent version of the NQ-mA includes 11 items, scored 1 to 4. Possible minimum and maximum scores are 11 and 44 in the parent form; higher scores indicate a better quality of life. | Change from baseline score of The Nuss Questionnaire modified for Adults (Parent form) at 12 weeks |
| Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation | Recruiting | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) |
|
| 18996250 | Background | Canavan PK, Cahalin L. Integrated physical therapy intervention for a person with pectus excavatum and bilateral shoulder pain: a single-case study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008 Nov;89(11):2195-204. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.04.014. |
| 28499711 | Background | Ewert F, Syed J, Wagner S, Besendoerfer M, Carbon RT, Schulz-Drost S. Does an external chest wall measurement correlate with a CT-based measurement in patients with chest wall deformities? J Pediatr Surg. 2017 Oct;52(10):1583-1590. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.04.011. Epub 2017 Apr 27. |
| 21240610 | Background | Haecker FM. The vacuum bell for conservative treatment of pectus excavatum: the Basle experience. Pediatr Surg Int. 2011 Jun;27(6):623-7. doi: 10.1007/s00383-010-2843-7. |
| 29078491 | Background | Haecker FM, Sesia S. Non-surgical treatment of pectus excavatum. J Vis Surg. 2016 Mar 23;2:63. doi: 10.21037/jovs.2016.03.14. eCollection 2016. |
| 20207934 | Background | Jaroszewski D, Notrica D, McMahon L, Steidley DE, Deschamps C. Current management of pectus excavatum: a review and update of therapy and treatment recommendations. J Am Board Fam Med. 2010 Mar-Apr;23(2):230-9. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2010.02.090234. |
| 26526206 | Background | Lopez M, Patoir A, Costes F, Varlet F, Barthelemy JC, Tiffet O. Preliminary study of efficacy of cup suction in the correction of typical pectus excavatum. J Pediatr Surg. 2016 Jan;51(1):183-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.10.003. Epub 2015 Oct 22. |
| 17952321 | Background | Rebeis EB, Campos JR, Fernandez A, Moreira LF, Jatene FB. Anthropometric index for Pectus excavatum. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2007 Oct;62(5):599-606. doi: 10.1590/s1807-59322007000500011. |
| 11051146 | Background | Schoenmakers MA, Gulmans VA, Bax NM, Helders PJ. Physiotherapy as an adjuvant to the surgical treatment of anterior chest wall deformities: a necessity? A prospective descriptive study in 21 patients. J Pediatr Surg. 2000 Oct;35(10):1440-3. doi: 10.1053/jpsu.2000.16409. |
| 28189448 | Background | Snyder CW, Farach SM, Litz CN, Danielson PD, Chandler NM. The modified percent depth: Another step toward quantifying severity of pectus excavatum without cross-sectional imaging. J Pediatr Surg. 2017 Jul;52(7):1098-1101. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.01.053. Epub 2017 Jan 31. |
| 32960955 | Derived | Alaca N, Alaca I, Yuksel M. Physiotherapy in addition to vacuum bell therapy in patients with pectus excavatum. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2020 Nov 1;31(5):650-656. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivaa161. |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D001519 | Behavior |