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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Emerson College | OTHER |
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The goal of this research is to explore abilities to learn word meanings from overheard conversations in children with ASD (and, as a control, typically developing children).
Specific Aim 1 (Experiment 1): Subaim 1a: Identify child characteristics associated with learning from overhearing. In a prior study, the investigators found that 13 children with ASD were able to learn the meanings of novel words that they heard used in a conversation involving two adults. In the current study, the investigators aim to study a larger sample to identify what child characteristics are associated with good learning in an overhearing situation as compared to a situation in which the child is directly taught the new word. Subaim 1b: Assess retention and generalization of words learned from overhearing. The investigators will re-test children on their knowledge of the word meanings after a 10-minute delay to see if they both retain the word meanings and can generalize the new words to new situations.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Addressed | Experimental | Children participate in an interaction with an experimenter who uses the word to be learned. |
|
| Overheard | Experimental | Children observe while an experimenter uses the word to be learned in an interaction with another experimenter. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overheard Speech | Behavioral | New words are introduced with the child as an observer rather directly taught. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Children Who Select the Target Object as Measured by Gaze Preference. | Children are prompted to identify the object that is associated with the target word. | immediately after viewing 3-minute interaction |
| Number of Children Who Select the Target Object as Measured by Gaze Preference. | Children are prompted to identify the object that is associated with the target word. | 5 minutes after viewing interaction |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emerson College | Boston | Massachusetts | 02116 | United States | ||
| New York University |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | ASD - Addressed First, Then Overheard | Children with ASD are exposed to new words. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. |
| FG001 | ASD - Overheard First, Then Addressed | Children with ASD are exposed to new words. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. |
| FG002 | TD - Addressed First, Then Overheard | Children with TD are exposed to new words. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. |
| FG003 | TD - Overheard First, Then Addressed | Children with TD are exposed to new words. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Behavioral Task (3 Minutes) |
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| Second Behavioral Task (3 Minutes) |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | ASD - Addressed First, Then Overheard | Children with ASD are exposed to new words. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. |
| BG001 | ASD - Overheard First, Then Addressed |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Number of Children Who Select the Target Object as Measured by Gaze Preference. | Children are prompted to identify the object that is associated with the target word. | Order of conditions, which was counterbalanced in the experimental design, is collapsed for the purposes of analysis. Not all enrolled participants were analyzed because of exclusions due to, e.g., experimenter error or children paying insufficient attention. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | immediately after viewing 3-minute interaction |
|
the duration of study participation (approximately 10 minutes)
Our experimental paradigm involves presenting children with videos of everyday child-friendly actions during a 10-minute interaction. There is no risk of Serious Adverse Events or All-Cause Mortality during the session.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | ASD - Addressed | Children with ASD are exposed to new words. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Sudha Arunachalam | New York University | 212-998-4139 | sudha@nyu.edu |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Dec 24, 2024 | Feb 4, 2025 | Prot_SAP_001.pdf |
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | Oct 20, 2020 | Mar 18, 2022 | ICF_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000067877 | Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002659 | Child Development Disorders, Pervasive |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| Addressed Speech | Behavioral | New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. |
|
| New York |
| New York |
| 10012 |
| United States |
| COMPLETED |
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| NOT COMPLETED |
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|
Children with ASD are exposed to new words. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. |
| BG002 | TD - Addressed First, Then Overheard | Children with TD are exposed to new words. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. |
| BG003 | TD - Overheard First, Then Addressed | Children with TD are exposed to new words. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. |
| BG004 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| months |
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| Sex/Gender, Customized | Number | participants |
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| Race/Ethnicity, Customized | Number | participants |
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| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
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Children with ASD are exposed to new words. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. |
| OG002 | TD - Addressed | Children with TD are exposed to new words. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. |
| OG003 | TD - Overheard | Children with TD are exposed to new words. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. |
|
|
|
| Primary | Number of Children Who Select the Target Object as Measured by Gaze Preference. | Children are prompted to identify the object that is associated with the target word. | Order of conditions, which was counterbalanced in the experimental design, is collapsed for the purposes of analysis. Not all enrolled participants were analyzed because of exclusions due to, e.g., experimenter error or children paying insufficient attention. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | 5 minutes after viewing interaction |
|
|
|
|
| 0 |
| 176 |
| 0 |
| 176 |
| 0 |
| 176 |
| EG001 | ASD - Overheard | Children with ASD are exposed to new words. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. | 0 | 176 | 0 | 176 | 0 | 176 |
| EG002 | TD - Addressed | Children with TD are exposed to new words. Addressed Speech: New words are introduced directly to the child by an experimenter. | 0 | 166 | 0 | 166 | 0 | 166 |
| EG003 | TD - Overheard | Children with TD are exposed to new words. Overheard Speech: New words are introduced while children observe. | 0 | 166 | 0 | 166 | 0 | 166 |
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| 0.12 |
| Other |
The primary statistical analysis involves asking whether children look at the target significantly more than chance levels. Binomial tests are used to see if the number of children who do so is significantly greater than would be expected by chance. |
| Binomial test | <0.01 | Other | The primary statistical analysis involves asking whether children look at the target significantly more than chance levels. Binomial tests are used to see if the number of children who do so is significantly greater than would be expected by chance. |
| Binomial test | <0.01 | Other | The primary statistical analysis involves asking whether children look at the target significantly more than chance levels. Binomial tests are used to see if the number of children who do so is significantly greater than would be expected by chance. |