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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Hartford Hospital | OTHER |
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The current study examined the influence of an acute weight stigma exposure on cardiovascular reactivity among women with obesity and high blood pressure and women with obesity and normal blood pressure.
The current study examined the influence of two video exposures, one containing scenes of weight stigma (STIGMA) and the other non-stigmatizing neutral (NEUTRAL) scenes, on cardiovascular reactivity as assessed by resting BP and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate (HR), among women with obesity and high BP (HBP) or normal BP (NBP). The investigators hypothesized that as a result of STIGMA compared to NEUTRAL, cardiovascular reactivity would be significantly greater immediately upon watching the video and persist outside of the laboratory over ambulatory conditions in women with obesity and HBP compared to women with obesity and NBP.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| High Blood Pressure | Experimental | Ambulatory BP measurement was used to confirm the laboratory BP group classification according to the European Society of Hypertension. Participants were placed in the high blood pressure (HBP) group if they met any of the following criteria: 1) 19-hour average systolic BP/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP) > 130/80 mmHg, 2) daytime (awake) average SBP/DBP > 135/85 mmHg, or 3) nighttime (sleep) average SBP/DBP > 120/70 mmHg. |
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| Normal Blood Pressure | Experimental | Participants were placed in the normal BP (NBP) group if they met all of the following criteria: 1) 19-hour average SBP/DBP < 130/80 mmHg, 2) daytime (awake) average SBP/DBP < 135/85 mmHg, and 3) night-time (asleep) average SBP/DBP <120/70 mmHg. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stigma Video Exposure | Behavioral | The participants watched a 10 minute video on a computer screen that consisted of brief clips from popular television shows that depicted women with overweight and obesity and evoked negative weight-based stereotypes (e.g., clumsy, loud, and lazy). Both the high blood pressure and normal blood pressure arms participated in this intervention. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Ambulatory systolic BP (SABP) reactivity | Ambulatory SABP reactivity was calculated as the change in hourly SABP values (mmHg) over the awake (10 hours), sleep (9 hours), and 19 hours minus average baseline SABP following STIGMA and NEUTRAL. | 19 hours (10 hours awake, 9 hours sleep) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Laboratory systolic blood pressure (SBP) reactivity | Laboratory SBP reactivity was calculated as the change in SBP in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) during the stigma video exposure (STIGMA) and the neutral video exposure (NEUTRAL) and 20-minute post-STIGMA and NEUTRAL minus baseline SBP. | 20 minutes (2 minute intervals) before the exposure video; 10 minutes during the exposure video (2 min intervals); and 20 minutes following the exposure video (2 min. intervals). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Beth A Taylor, PhD | University of Connecticut | Principal Investigator |
| Linda S Pescatello, PhD | University of Connecticut | Principal Investigator |
| Rebecca Puhl, PhD | University of Connecticut | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36571973 | Derived | Panza GA, Puhl RM, Taylor BA, Cilhoroz B, Himmelstein MS, Fernandez AB, Pescatello LS. The effects of an acute weight stigma exposure on cardiovascular reactivity among women with obesity and hypertension: A randomized trial. J Psychosom Res. 2023 Feb;165:111124. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111124. Epub 2022 Dec 21. |
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Participants were randomized using www.randomization.com to either STIGMA at Visit 2 and NEUTRAL at Visit 3, or NEUTRAL at Visit 2 and STIGMA at Visit 3.
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Due to the nature of the experimental manipulation in this study and to maintain validity, mild deception was necessary. Participants were told that the study was examining BP, HR, mood, and behavioral responses to various forms of media and were not informed specifically of the purpose until after they completed the study. In order to verify that the participants were unaware that their cardiovascular reactivity to a weight stigma exposure was being measured, a manipulation check was implemented wherein participants were asked to report what they believed the study purpose to be. No participants reported the true purpose of the study during the manipulation check. At the conclusion of the study, participants were debriefed about the true purpose of the study.
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| Neutral video exposure | Behavioral | The participants watched a 10 minute video on a computer screen that consisted of a series of clips depicting neutral scenes (e.g., insurance commercials). Both the high blood pressure and normal blood pressure arms participated in this intervention. |
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| Ambulatory diastolic BP (DABP) reactivity | Ambulatory DABP reactivity was calculated as the change in hourly DABP values (mmHg) over the awake (10 hours), sleep (9 hours), and 19 hours minus average baseline DABP following STIGMA and NEUTRAL. | 19 hours (10 hours awake, 9 hours sleep) |
| Laboratory diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reactivity | Laboratory DBP reactivity was calculated as the change in DBP in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) during the stigma video exposure (STIGMA) and the neutral video exposure (NEUTRAL) and 20-minute post-STIGMA and NEUTRAL minus baseline DBP. | 20 minutes (2 minute intervals) before the exposure video; 10 minutes during the exposure video (2 min intervals); and 20 minutes following the exposure video (2 min. intervals). |
| Laboratory heart rate (HR) reactivity | Laboratory HR reactivity was calculated as the change in HR in beats per minute (bpm) during the stigma video exposure (STIGMA) and the neutral video exposure (NEUTRAL) and 20-minute post-STIGMA and NEUTRAL minus baseline BP. | 20 minutes (2 minute intervals) before the exposure video; 10 minutes during the exposure video (2 min intervals); and 20 minutes following the exposure video (2 min. intervals). |
| Ambulatory heart rate (HR) reactivity | Ambulatory heart rate (HR) reactivity was calculated as the change in hourly HR values (bpm) over the awake (10 hours), sleep (9 hours), and 19 hours minus average baseline HR following STIGMA and NEUTRAL. | 19 hours (10 hours awake, 9 hours sleep) |
| Ambulatory rate pressure product (RPP) reactivity | Ambulatory RPP reactivity in mmHg*bpm was calculated as ambulatory SBP cardiovascular reactivity (mmHg) multiplied by ambulatory HR reactivity (bpm) (i.e., SBP x HR). | 19 hours (10 hours awake, 9 hours sleep) |
| Laboratory rate pressure product (RPP) reactivity | Laboratory RPP reactivity in mmHg*bpm was calculated as laboratory SBP cardiovascular reactivity (mmHg) multiplied by laboratory HR reactivity (bpm) (i.e., SBP x HR). | 20 minutes (2 minute intervals) before the exposure video; 10 minutes during the exposure video (2 min intervals); and 20 minutes following the exposure video (2 min. intervals). |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D057545 | Social Stigma |
| D009765 | Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012919 | Social Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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