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The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and retinal nerve fiber layer & ganglion cell inner plexiform layer in MS.
Cross-sectional study design, including 60 patients and 30 healthy controls. Subjects were investigated clinically, underwent retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) and comprehensive cognitive assessments. The correlation between these modalities was evaluated by Spearman correlation.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | 60 Patient |
| |
| Group 2 | 30 Control subject |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OCT | Diagnostic Test | The degree of physical disability was assessed by using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). The EDSS score ranges from 0 to 10 in 0.5 unit increments that represent higher levels of disability. Neurocognitive functions were evaluated using the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) that includes the following tests:
OCT assessment was performed by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography to assess the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and macular volume in humans . Each eye for every patient was assessed by measuring the thickness of RNFL and GCC, respecting presence or absence of the previous history of optic neuritis (ON). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Optical coherence tomography | OCT imaging was performed by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography to assess the retinal thickness. | 24-48 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive assessment | Neurocognitive functions were evaluated using the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) | 24-48 hours |
| Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted in the Neurology Department of Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Egypt. 60 patients with MS were recruited from the period of Aug 2018 to September 2019.
Participants 60 MS patients diagnosed according to the revised McDonald criteria 2010 were included . Both sexes aged 20-45 year were included.
Age and sex matched the healthy control (HC) group which consisted of 30 subjects without any neurological or psychiatric disease and who were not related (within the first or second degree of consanguinity) to a patient with MS.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Esmael M Ahmed, MD | Assistant Prof of Neurology | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mansoura University Hospital | Al Mansurah | Dakahlia Governorate | 35516 | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22266522 | Background | Balk LJ, Sonder JM, Strijbis EM, Twisk JW, Killestein J, Uitdehaag BM, Polman CH, Petzold A. The physiological variation of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and macular volume in humans as assessed by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Mar 9;53(3):1251-7. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-8209. | |
| 30410033 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009103 | Multiple Sclerosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020278 | Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS |
| D020274 | Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D003711 | Demyelinating Diseases |
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The EDSS score ranges from 0 to 10 in 0.5 unit increments that represent higher levels of disability.
| 24 hours |
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| 27840739 | Result | Satue M, Obis J, Rodrigo MJ, Otin S, Fuertes MI, Vilades E, Gracia H, Ara JR, Alarcia R, Polo V, Larrosa JM, Pablo LE, Garcia-Martin E. Optical Coherence Tomography as a Biomarker for Diagnosis, Progression, and Prognosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Ophthalmol. 2016;2016:8503859. doi: 10.1155/2016/8503859. Epub 2016 Oct 20. |
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| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |