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Terminated due to end of funding period.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a type of non-invasive transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who are experiencing depression.
Targeting depression in patients with SLE may provide benefit to these patients, as there is a clear relationship between chronic pain and depression. The investigators propose that a tACS stimulation montage that was previously used in depression could be beneficial to patients with SLE, resulting in reduced depression symptoms, thus resulting in reduced chronic pain and cognitive difficulties.
At the initial session, consent will be obtained and eligibility will be determined.
Eligible participants will undergo a structural MRI as part of the screening process, then be randomized and have 5 consecutive daily, 40 minute stimulation sessions.
Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: sham stimulation, individualized alpha-tACS (usually 8-12 Hz), or individualized theta-tACS (individualized alpha frequency minus 4 Hz). Participation will include 1 to 11 visits.
Neurophysiological measures will be taken before and after the stimulation sessions on the first and fifth days of the intervention, as well as the 2-week follow-up and 4-week follow-up visits. Psychiatric clinical assessments will be performed at baseline (Day 1 of stimulation), Day 5 of stimulation, and at both follow-up visits using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS17), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS), and the Comparative Pain Scale Chart. All participants will also be asked to complete self-report surveys via REDCap at a 3-month time point measured from completion of the intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sham Stimulation | Sham Comparator | This is a sham/placebo arm that receives some stimulation, mimicking the skin sensations associated with tACS to enhance success of patient blinding. |
|
| Theta-tACS | Active Comparator | This arm targets theta oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. |
|
| Alpha-tACS | Experimental | This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized theta-tACS | Device | 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Alpha Oscillation Power as Measured by RSEEG Recordings. | Change in alpha oscillation power (8-12 Hz) will be measured between resting state electroencephalogram (RSEEG) recordings. | Day 1, Day 5 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Correlation Between the IDAS Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS) Scale is a 10 symptom scale (General depression, Suicidality, Lassitude, Insomnia, Appetite Loss, Appetite Gain, Ill Temper, Well-Being, Panic, Social Anxiety, and Traumatic Intrusions) used to assess depression and anxiety related disorders. The scale ranges from 1 to 5 with 1 equal to "not at all" and 5 equal to"extremely". Higher scores indicate a greater experience of a given symptom. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Correlation Between Frontal Midline Alpha and Theta Activity (as Measured From EEG Recordings) and Accuracy at Cognitive Tasks Tasks. | Participants will complete various tasks paired with electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings to assess physiological changes. Participants will be asked to perform sustained attention, selective attention, and working memory tasks with EEG recordings. | Day 1, Day 5 |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Saira Z Sheikh, MD | UNC Chapel Hill | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | Chapel Hill | North Carolina | 27599 | United States |
IPD will be shared upon request.
Data sharing requests will become available starting from 9 to 36 months following publication.
Deidentified individual data that supports the results will be shared beginning 9 to 36 months following publication provided the interested investigator provides a (1) written request to the PI, (2) approval from an Institutional Review Board (IRB), Independent Ethics Committee (IEC), or Research Ethics Board (REB), as applicable, and (3) executes a data use/sharing agreement with UNC.
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No participants were randomized to the Theta-tACS arm.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Sham Stimulation | This is a sham/placebo arm that receives some stimulation, mimicking the skin sensations associated with Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) to enhance success of patient blinding. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Active Sham: 20 seconds of ramp-in to 40 seconds of 10 Hz tACS with a ramp out of 20 seconds for a total of 80 seconds of stimulation |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Mar 4, 2022 |
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The research team and the participants will not know the intervention assignment until data is un-blinded for analysis.
The Principal Investigators (PI) and Co-Investigators (Co-I) will be blinded since they may be outcome assessors and/or sub-specialty care providers for some of the participants.
| XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS | Device | 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
|
| XCSITE100 Stimulator - Active Sham | Device | 20 seconds of ramp-in to 40 seconds of 10 Hz tACS with a ramp out of 20 seconds for a total of 80 seconds of stimulation |
|
| Day 1, Day 5 |
| Change in Correlation Between the PANAS Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) will be used to measure positive and negative emotion. This 20-item self-reported survey will measure 10 positive and 10 negative affective states. Positive affect score ranges from 10-50 and higher scores indicate a greater positive affect. Negative affect scores range from 10-50 with higher scores indicating a greater negative affect. | Day 1, Day 5 |
| Change in Correlation Between the Comparative Pain Scale Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Comparative Pain Scale score will assess for self-reported pain. The scale ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 equal to "pain free" and 10 equal to "unmanageable, unspeakable". Higher scores reflect a higher severity of self-reported pain. | Day 1, Day 5 |
| Change in Correlation Between the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) measures general health using 36 questions. There are 8 individual health "domains" or categories that each receive their own score, and from these 8 individual scores an overall score can be obtained. Overall scores can range from 0-100, with higher scores indicating better overall health. | Screening, 4 week |
| Change in Correlation Between the FSMC Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions (FSMC) will measure self-reported levels of physical and mental fatigue. This 20-item survey will measure 10 motor fatigue items and 10 cognitive fatigue items. The scale ranges from 1 to 5 with 1 equal to "does not apply at all" and 5 equal to "applies completely". Total scores can range from 20 to 100 with higher scores indicating worse fatigue. | Day 1, Day 5 |
| Change in Correlation Between the PCS Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) will assess for self-reported pain. The survey consists of 13 items with a 5-point scale, where 0 equals"not at all" and 4 equals "all the time". Total scores can range from 0 to 52 with higher scores indicating a greater frequency in which individuals experience pain-related thoughts and feelings. | Day 1, Day 5 |
| Change in Correlation Between the YMRS Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) will assess for manic symptoms at baseline and over the period of the study. The 11 item scale ranges from 0 to 56 with higher scores indicating more severe manic symptoms. | Day 1, Day 5 |
| Change in Correlation Between the HDRS17 Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS17) will assess for the severity of depressive symptoms in the patients. The scale ranges from 0 to 52 with higher scores indicating a greater severity of depressive symptoms. | Day 1, Day 5 |
| Change in Correlation Between the HAM-A Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) scale will assess for the severity of anxiety symptoms. The scale ranges from 0 to 30 with higher scores indicating greater anxiety. | Day 1, Day 5 |
| Change in the WHODAS 2.0 Score. | The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) will assess for co morbid disabilities. This 12-item survey ranges from 0 to 4 with 0 being "none" and 4 being "extreme or cannot do". Total scores can range from 0 to 48 with higher scores lower levels of social functioning. | Day 1, 3 month |
| FG001 | Theta-tACS | This arm targets theta oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized theta-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
| FG002 | Alpha-tACS | This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
| COMPLETED |
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| NOT COMPLETED |
|
No participants were randomized to the Theta-tACS arm.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Sham Stimulation | This is a sham/placebo arm that receives some stimulation, mimicking the skin sensations associated with tACS to enhance success of patient blinding. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Active Sham: 20 seconds of ramp-in to 40 seconds of 10 Hz tACS with a ramp out of 20 seconds for a total of 80 seconds of stimulation |
| BG001 | Theta-tACS | This arm targets theta oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized theta-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
| BG002 | Alpha-tACS | This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
| BG003 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical | Count of Participants | Participants |
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) | Count of Participants | Participants |
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Race (NIH/OMB) | Count of Participants | Participants |
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Region of Enrollment | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Change in Alpha Oscillation Power as Measured by RSEEG Recordings. | Change in alpha oscillation power (8-12 Hz) will be measured between resting state electroencephalogram (RSEEG) recordings. | No participants were randomized to the Theta-tACS arm. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | microvolts^2/Hz | Day 1, Day 5 |
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary | Change in Correlation Between the IDAS Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS) Scale is a 10 symptom scale (General depression, Suicidality, Lassitude, Insomnia, Appetite Loss, Appetite Gain, Ill Temper, Well-Being, Panic, Social Anxiety, and Traumatic Intrusions) used to assess depression and anxiety related disorders. The scale ranges from 1 to 5 with 1 equal to "not at all" and 5 equal to"extremely". Higher scores indicate a greater experience of a given symptom. | Insufficient data were collected to validly calculate a correlation as stated in the statistical analysis plan. | Posted | Day 1, Day 5 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary | Change in Correlation Between the PANAS Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) will be used to measure positive and negative emotion. This 20-item self-reported survey will measure 10 positive and 10 negative affective states. Positive affect score ranges from 10-50 and higher scores indicate a greater positive affect. Negative affect scores range from 10-50 with higher scores indicating a greater negative affect. | Insufficient data were collected to validly calculate a correlation as stated in the statistical analysis plan. | Posted | Day 1, Day 5 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary | Change in Correlation Between the Comparative Pain Scale Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Comparative Pain Scale score will assess for self-reported pain. The scale ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 equal to "pain free" and 10 equal to "unmanageable, unspeakable". Higher scores reflect a higher severity of self-reported pain. | Insufficient data were collected to validly calculate a correlation as stated in the statistical analysis plan. | Posted | Day 1, Day 5 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary | Change in Correlation Between the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) measures general health using 36 questions. There are 8 individual health "domains" or categories that each receive their own score, and from these 8 individual scores an overall score can be obtained. Overall scores can range from 0-100, with higher scores indicating better overall health. | Insufficient data were collected to validly calculate a correlation as stated in the statistical analysis plan. | Posted | Screening, 4 week |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary | Change in Correlation Between the FSMC Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions (FSMC) will measure self-reported levels of physical and mental fatigue. This 20-item survey will measure 10 motor fatigue items and 10 cognitive fatigue items. The scale ranges from 1 to 5 with 1 equal to "does not apply at all" and 5 equal to "applies completely". Total scores can range from 20 to 100 with higher scores indicating worse fatigue. | Insufficient data were collected to validly calculate a correlation as stated in the statistical analysis plan. | Posted | Day 1, Day 5 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary | Change in Correlation Between the PCS Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) will assess for self-reported pain. The survey consists of 13 items with a 5-point scale, where 0 equals"not at all" and 4 equals "all the time". Total scores can range from 0 to 52 with higher scores indicating a greater frequency in which individuals experience pain-related thoughts and feelings. | Insufficient data were collected to validly calculate a correlation as stated in the statistical analysis plan. | Posted | Day 1, Day 5 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary | Change in Correlation Between the YMRS Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) will assess for manic symptoms at baseline and over the period of the study. The 11 item scale ranges from 0 to 56 with higher scores indicating more severe manic symptoms. | Insufficient data were collected to validly calculate a correlation as stated in the statistical analysis plan. | Posted | Day 1, Day 5 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary | Change in Correlation Between the HDRS17 Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS17) will assess for the severity of depressive symptoms in the patients. The scale ranges from 0 to 52 with higher scores indicating a greater severity of depressive symptoms. | Insufficient data were collected to validly calculate a correlation as stated in the statistical analysis plan. | Posted | Day 1, Day 5 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary | Change in Correlation Between the HAM-A Score and Alpha Oscillation Power (as Measured by Resting State EEG Recordings). | The Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) scale will assess for the severity of anxiety symptoms. The scale ranges from 0 to 30 with higher scores indicating greater anxiety. | Insufficient data were collected to validly calculate a correlation as stated in the statistical analysis plan. | Posted | Day 1, Day 5 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Pre-specified | Change in Correlation Between Frontal Midline Alpha and Theta Activity (as Measured From EEG Recordings) and Accuracy at Cognitive Tasks Tasks. | Participants will complete various tasks paired with electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings to assess physiological changes. Participants will be asked to perform sustained attention, selective attention, and working memory tasks with EEG recordings. | Not Posted | Day 1, Day 5 | Participants | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Pre-specified | Change in the WHODAS 2.0 Score. | The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) will assess for co morbid disabilities. This 12-item survey ranges from 0 to 4 with 0 being "none" and 4 being "extreme or cannot do". Total scores can range from 0 to 48 with higher scores lower levels of social functioning. | Not Posted | Day 1, 3 month | Participants |
From the time of signing informed consent through study completion, a total of approximately 3 months.
No participants were randomized to the Theta-tACS arm. In addition to the standard ClinicalTrials.gov Serious Adverse Event definition, the study also defined an adverse event of grade 3 or higher as determined by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE Version 5.0 Published: November 27th, 2017) as a Serious Adverse Event.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Sham Stimulation | This is a sham/placebo arm that receives some stimulation, mimicking the skin sensations associated with tACS to enhance success of patient blinding. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Active Sham: 20 seconds of ramp-in to 40 seconds of 10 Hz tACS with a ramp out of 20 seconds for a total of 80 seconds of stimulation | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| EG001 | Theta-tACS | This arm targets theta oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized theta-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| EG002 | Alpha-tACS | This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation | 0 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vasovagal response | Nervous system disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Newly Diagnosed Basal Cell Carcinoma | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | Systematic Assessment | Lesion present at screening visit |
|
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laceration from pet claw | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Neck pain | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Vaginal infection | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| COVID-19 infection | Infections and infestations | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Elevated Blood pressure | Vascular disorders | Systematic Assessment |
| ||
| Elevated Urine Protein | Renal and urinary disorders | Systematic Assessment |
|
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saira Sheikh, MD | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | 919-966-0545 | szsheikh@email.unc.edu |
| May 29, 2024 |
| Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008180 | Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic |
| D003863 | Depression |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D005222 | Mental Fatigue |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003240 | Connective Tissue Diseases |
| D017437 | Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D005221 | Fatigue |
Not provided
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| >=65 years |
|
| Male |
|
| Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
| Unknown or Not Reported |
|
| Asian |
|
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander |
|
| Black or African American |
|
| White |
|
| More than one race |
|
| Unknown or Not Reported |
|
| OG002 |
| Alpha-tACS |
This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
|
| Alpha-tACS |
This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
|
This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients.
XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation
|
| Alpha-tACS |
This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
|
| Alpha-tACS |
This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
|
This arm targets alpha oscillations in the somatosensory cortex to see if there is a decrease in the experience of depression, pain, or brain fog in lupus patients. XCSITE100 Stimulator - Individualized alpha-tACS: 20 second ramp-in and ramp-out with 40 minutes of stimulation for a total of 2440 seconds of stimulation |
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