Flat and relatively uniform polygonal epithelial cells with alternating dark and light bands were noted in pCLE images of normal mucosa after intravenous injecting 10% fluorescein.

An unorganized tissue architecture, irregular cells (difference of cell shape, color and size), slightly intensified fluorescein leakage, and vessels not assessable were found in the lymphoid hyperplasia of non-malignant lesions after intravenous injecting 10% fluorescein.

pCLE images of malignant lesions were associated with crowded unorganized tissue architecture (a dark-gray background without identification of mucosal structures), irregular cells like cell clusters, amplified fluorescein leakage, and irregular vessels changes after intravenous injecting 10% fluorescein.

Confocal laser microendoscopy (CLE) as a new non-invasive imaging technique can be used for "optical biopsy", which can perform real-time microscopic information of tissue in vivo at cellular level with resolutions up to 1μm and magnifications up to 1000 times. CLE is now being increasingly used with very promising results in gastroenterology, especially in the diagnostic investigation of Barret's esophagus, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer and various lesions of the biliary tract. With an intravenous injection of fluorescein, probe-based CLE (pCLE: GastroFlex probe with the Cellvizio laser system, Mauna Technologies, Paris, France) allows us to view the interstitial spaces, cells, and small capillaries in a window of 240 μm and to a depth of 60 μm.

Evaluation of pCLE diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of Laryngeal Lesions when associated with other diagnostic information.

Quantitative image features are calculated in the pCLE images by machine learning