voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD cBMC was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in cBMC was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.011, F=0.213, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.809

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.001, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.006, Beta=0.039, t=0.209, p=0.836, 95% CI of B: [-0.012, 0.014]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=-0.002, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.006, Beta=-0.077, t=-0.412, p=0.682, 95% CI of B: [-0.015, 0.010]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD ecBMC was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in ecBMC was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=<0.001, F=0.009, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.991

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.001, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.009, Beta=0.025, t=0.133, p=0.894, 95% CI of B: [-0.016, 0.018]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.001, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.008, Beta=0.012, t=0.063, p=0.950, 95% CI of B: [-0.016, 0.017]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD tBMC was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in tBMC was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.090, F=1.968, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.153

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.007, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.003, Beta=0.352, t=1.973, p=0.055, 95% CI of B: [0.000, 0.013]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.003, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.003, Beta=0.156, t=0.874, p=0.387, 95% CI of B: [-0.004, 0.009]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD iBMD was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in iBMD was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.009, F=0.176, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.840

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.001, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.001, Beta=0.091, t=0.489, p=0.628, 95% CI of B: [-0.002, 0.003]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.001, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.001, Beta=0.101, t=0.544, p=0.589, 95% CI of B: [-0.002, 0.003]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD cBMD was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in cBMD was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.077, F=1.665, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.202

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=-0.005, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.003, Beta=-0.303, t=-1.689, p=0.099, 95% CI of B: [-0.012, 0.001]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=-0.004, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.003, Beta=-0.266, t=-1.484, p=0.146, 95% CI of B: [-0.010, 0.002]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD ecBMD was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in ecBMD was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.018, F=0.365, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.697

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=-0.004, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.004, Beta=-0.158, t=-0.854, p=0.398, 95% CI of B: [-0.012, 0.005]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=-0.002, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.004, Beta=-0.078, t=-0.423, p=0.675, 95% CI of B: [-0.010, 0.006]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD tBMD was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in tBMD was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.123, F=2.799, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.073

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.003, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.001, Beta=0.413, t=2.361, p=0.023, 95% CI of B: [0.000, 0.006]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.002, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.001, Beta=0.198, t=1.129, p=0.265, 95% CI of B: [-0.001, 0.004]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD iBV was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in iBV was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.108, F=2.428, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.101

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.053, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.024, Beta=0.388, t=2.200, p=0.034, 95% CI of B: [0.004, 0.101]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.029, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.022, Beta=0.226, t=1.280, p=0.208, 95% CI of B: [-0.017, 0.074]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD cBV was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in cBV was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.019, F=0.395, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.676

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.012, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.015, Beta=0.146, t=0.787, p=0.436, 95% CI of B: [-0.019, 0.042]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.001, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.014, Beta=0.013, t=0.070, p=0.945, 95% CI of B: [-0.028, 0.029]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD ecBV was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in ecBV was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.111, F=2.491, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.096

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.026, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.012, Beta=0.391, t=2.222, p=0.032, 95% CI of B: [0.032, 0.049]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.015, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.011, Beta=0.240, t=1.362, p=0.181, 95% CI of B: [-0.007, 0.037]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in UD tBV was not proportional to strain magnitude. Raw change in tBV was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

Overall model fit: R^2=0.054, F=1.132, df1=2, df2=40, p=0.332

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.016, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.011, Beta=0.271, t=1.493, p=0.143, 95% CI of B: [-0.006, 0.039]

Contrast between the high strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.007, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.010, Beta=0.115, t=635, p=0.529, 95% CI of B: [-0.014, 0.028]

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in cortical thickness was not proportional to strain magnitude. At each time point, raw change relative to baseline was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

At each time point, the overall fit of the linear regression model was assessed with an F-test of overall significance. Additionally, the significance of each coefficient representing contrasts between each experimental group and the control group was assessed using t-tests.

There were no significant relationships found between change in cortical thickness and strain magnitude group at any time point (p>0.05).

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high target strain

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with low strain rate (task performed "slowly and evenly")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

voluntary forearm compression by leaning onto the palm of the hand with high strain rate (task performed "as quickly as possible, with a bump")

voluntary forearm loading task: voluntary task, consisting of leaning onto the palm of the hand until a target force is reached. Each loading bout consists of 100 loading cycles, which takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. The task is performed 4 times per week during the intervention period.

observation only

The null hypothesis was that change in bone volume fraction (BV/TV) was not proportional to strain magnitude. At each time point, raw change relative to baseline was analyzed as the dependent variable in a linear regression model with coefficients representing contrasts between the two experimental groups and the control group.

At each time point, the overall fit of the linear regression model was assessed with an F-test of overall significance. Additionally, the significance of each coefficient representing contrasts between each experimental group and the control group was assessed using t-tests.

At 9 months, there was a significant overall linear relationship between change in BV/TV and strain magnitude group. Additionally, the coefficient representing the contrast between the control group and the low strain magnitude group was also significant. All other comparisons were not statistically significant (p>0.05).

Stats for 9 months:

Overall model fit: R^2=0.240, F=5.057, df1=2, df2=32, p=0.012

Contrast between the low strain magnitude group and the control group: B=0.003, Std. Error of estimate of B=0.001, Beta=0.562, t=3.180, p=0.003, 95% CI of B: [0.001, 0.006]