In this arm 1, the LSB intervention will be offered to the BISP-CT beneficiary women and their spouses

In this arm, the LSB intervention will be offered to the BISP-CT beneficiary women only.

This is the control group, where neither BISP-CT beneficiary women nor their spouses will be offered the LSB intervention

The Life Skills Building intervention is a curriculum based on 10-12 sessions. The sessions will include the skills essential for family harmony and improving overall mental health of the participants

The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) is a self-administered instrument for common mental disorders. The PHQ-9 is the depression module, which scores each of the 9 DSM-IV criteria as "0" (not at all) to "3" (nearly every day), over the last two weeks.

PHQ-9 total score for the nine items ranges from 0 to 27. Scores of 5, 10, 15, and 20 represent cut points for mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression, respectively.

The revised conflict tactics scale (CTS) consists of 20-item and is self-administered. The scale includes items regarding Negotiation (1-4), Psychological aggression (5-8), Physical assault (9-12), Sexual coercion (13-16) and Injury (17-20). The scoring criteria consists of a scale from 1-8, 1-6 indicates the frequency of conflict happened in the past year ranging from once to more than 20 times. 7 indicates conflict happened not in the past year but happened before that. If it never happened, 8 will be marked.

There are many ways to score the CTS: Respondents who reported being a victim of or perpetrating an item or items (Prevalence). The number of times an item occurred in the past year (Frequency). Classifying each case into three categories: none, minor only, or severe (severity level). Classifying each case as respondent only, partner only, or both (mutuality types).

The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) is a 10-item instrument to assess a general sense of perceived self-efficacy with the aim to predict coping and adaptation after stressful life events. Responses to each item are made on a 4-point scale: 1=Not at all true, 2=Hardly true, 3=moderately true, 4=exactly true.

For the GSE, the total score ranges between 10 and 40, with a higher score indicating more self-efficacy.

A six-item food security questionnaire (FSQ) is used to assess the food security in a household. The scale is valid, reliable and sensitive screening tool of food security in the household in the last 4 weeks, and whether the household was able to afford the food they needed.

The total score ranges between 0-6, where score 0-1 shows high or marginal food security, score 2-4 shows low food security, score 5-6 shows very low food security.