The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of NaF, NaF with TCP, NaF with CPP-ACP, and NaF with CXP varnishes on newly erupted first permanent molar teeth. The study was carried out in 40 healthy, high caries risk children (DMFS >8), aged six to seven years with newly erupted permanent first molars who referred to the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of Kırıkkale University Faculty of Dentistry, Kırıkkale, Turkey. A total of 140 teeth were divided randomly into four groups and the varnishes were applied to the determined teeth at baseline, one and three months. The same varnish was used, if there is more than one first molar to be applied of the same patient. The groups were comprised as follows:

Group 1: Duraphat Varnish containing 5% NaF (Colgate-Palmolive, NSW, Australia) (n = 35), Group 2: Clinpro™ White Varnish containing 5% NaF with TCP (3M ESPE, MN, USA) (n = 35), Group 3: Embrace ™ Varnish containing 5% NaF with CXP (Pulpdent, MA, USA) (n = 35), Group 4: MI Varnish containing 5% NaF with CPP-ACP (GC, Tokyo, Japan) (n = 35). All dental treatments of the patients were completed before the varnish application and oral hygiene instructions were given to all children at the start of the study.

Patients were called for follow up appointments at 1, 3 and 6 months, and in the follow-up period DIAGNOdent device (laser fluorescence scanning) was used to monitor mineralization changes. LF measurements were made at baseline (T0), after one month (T1) three months (T2) and six months (T3). Within and between group comparisons were analysed statistically.

Inclusion Criteria:

Subject has at least one fully erupted permanent first molar tooth

Exclusion Criteria:

Subject has a permanent first molar tooth with visible cavitation on the tooth surface Subject has a partially erupted permanent first molar tooth.