Isunakinra Alone and in Combination With a PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor in Patients With Solid Tumors

Phase I/IIa, Non-Randomised, Open-Label Dose Escalation and Expansion Trial With Isunakinra Alone and in Combination With a PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor in Patients With Metastatic or Unresectable, Locally Advanced Malignant Solid Tumors

Isunakinra - a potent Interleukin-1 receptor inhibitor - will be given to patients with solid tumors to determine safety and tolerability of three different doses. Isunakinra will then be combined with a PD-(L)1 inhibitor. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamic effects of monotherapy treatment as well as the combination will be evaluated.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects must have:

   • Metastatic or unresectable locally advanced malignant solid tumor.
   • Histologic confirmation.

2. The study patients are required to have measurable disease by radiographic criteria (RECIST 1.1) and irRC.

3. Prior therapy: Patients must have completed or had disease progression on at least one prior line of disease-appropriate therapy for metastatic disease (with or without PD-1 inhibitors), with no available therapy likely to convey clinical benefit, or not be candidates for therapy of proven efficacy for their disease.

4. There should be a minimum of 2 weeks from any prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy and/or radiation and 4 weeks washout period for immunotherapy. Patients with prostate cancer on hormone deprivation therapy may continue that therapy while on study.

5. Patients must have recovered (grade 1 or baseline) from any clinically significant toxicity associated with prior therapy (for example, alopecia is not clinically significant). Typically, this approximates 3-4 weeks for patients who most recently received cytotoxic therapy, except for the nitrosoureas and mitomycin C, for which 6 weeks is needed for recovery.

6. Age ≥ 18 years. Because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of this agent in patients < 18 years of age, children are excluded from this study but will be eligible for future pediatric trials.

7. ECOG performance status ≤ 1

8. Patients must have normal organ and hematologic function as defined below:

   • Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal OR creatinine clearance and a 24-h urine collection of ≥ 60 mL/min.

   • ALT and AST ≤ 3x the upper limits of normal.

   • Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal OR in patients with Gilbert's syndrome, a total bilirubin ≤ 3.0.

   • Hematological eligibility parameters (within 16 days of starting therapy):

     • Granulocyte count ≥ 1,500/mm3
     • Platelet count ≥ 75.000/mm3

9. Patients must have baseline pulse oximetry > 90% on room air.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Pregnant women or women presently breast-feeding their children are excluded due to unknown risks to a developing fetus or infant, confirmed by negative pre-treatment serum pregnancy test.
2. Concurrent treatment for cancer, with specific exceptions noted in inclusion criteria.
3. Any significant disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, may impair the patient's tolerance of study treatment.
4. Significant dementia, altered mental status, or any psychiatric condition that would prohibit the understanding or rendering of informed consent.
5. Active autoimmune diseases requiring treatment. However, patients with vitiligo, alopecia, or clinically stable autoimmune endocrine disease who are on appropriate replacement therapy (if such therapy is indicated) are eligible.
6. Concurrent use of systemic steroids, except for physiologic doses of systemic steroid replacement or local (topical, nasal, or inhaled) steroid use. Limited pharmacologic doses of systemic steroids (e.g., in patients with exacerbations of reactive airway disease or to prevent iv contrast allergic reaction or anaphylaxis in patients who have known contrast allergies) are allowed.
7. Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents within 28 days before start of study treatment.
8. Patients with untreated central nervous system metastases or local treatment of brain metastases within the last 6 months. Patients with stable brain metastasis for 6 months post-intervention are eligible.
9. History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to the agents used in study.
10. Serious or uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that, in the opinion of the investigator, would limit compliance with study requirements.
11. HIV-positive patients are ineligible because of the potential for decreased immune response.
12. Patients unwilling to use adequate contraception (defined as hormonal or barrier method or abstinence) prior to study entry are excluded. If the patient needs to be on adequate contraception, contraception must start before study entry and continue for 3 months after completion of study therapy.