Many thoracic surgeons tend to dissect the inferior pulmonary ligament (IPL) during upper lobectomy, which in theory reduces the free space in the upper thoracic cavity by increasing the mobility of the residual lung. However, the dissection of IPL may lead to bronchial deformation, stenosis, obstruction or lobe torsion, and distortion. Some studies have found that stenosis might be associated with chronic dry cough and shortness of breath, and could result in a significant decline in lung function. Moreover, the dissection of IPL may lead to greater surgical trauma and increase the incidence of complications. Therefore, this study tries to identify whether we should dissect or preserve the inferior pulmonary ligament during the thoracoscopic upper lobectomy.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. 18 years old < age < 70 years old;
2. Meet the indications for thoracoscopic left/right upper lobectomy;
3. Gave informed consent and were willing to undergo thoracoscopic left/right upper lobectomy;
4. Preoperative pulmonary function test: FEV1>1L and FEV1>60% of the predicted value;
5. Preoperative ECOG score of 0-1;
6. Preoperative ASA score I-II.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Inferior mediastinal lymphadenopathy was found in preoperative screening;
2. Found that other lobe operations were required at the same time due to multiple lesions in the preoperative discussion;
3. Pregnant or lactating women;
4. Suffering from severe mental illness;
5. History of thoracic surgery (including intrathoracic surgery only, excluding surface surgery such as mastectomy);
6. History of unstable angina or myocardial infarction within the past six months;
7. History of cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage within the past six months;
8. History of continuous systemic corticosteroid therapy within the past month;
9. Abnormal coagulation function, bleeding tendency, or receiving antithrombotic or antiplatelet therapy recently;
10. Suffering from severe liver, kidney, and other systemic diseases;
11. Other situations that are not suitable for surgery.