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Our goal is to determine how the addition of sugar-sweetened beverages to the diet affects glucose control, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and pulmonary function in healthy, young adults.
In a 3-arm randomized controlled trial, 36 participants consumed one of three beverages for three weeks: water (W), caffeine-free soda (S), or 100% fruit juice (FJ). Participants consumed two servings/day (~710mL) of their randomized beverage for three weeks, along with their habitual diets. At baseline and following the 3-week intervention, participants completed glucose control, cardiovascular disease risk factor, and pulmonary function assessments.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fruit Juice | Experimental | Participants consumed 2 bottles of 100% fruit juice daily for 3 weeks. |
|
| Soda | Experimental | Participants consumed 2 cans of caffeine-free Coca Cola daily for 3 weeks. |
|
| Water | Other | Participants consumed 2 bottles of water daily for 3 weeks. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sugary beverage: Fruit juice | Dietary Supplement | Participants consumed 100% fruit juice (~710mL) daily for three weeks, along with their habitual diets. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in glucose iAUC | Glucose obtained from blood sample in a fasted state and in response to a meal | Week 0 and Week 3 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in plasma lipids | Total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c , VLDL-c, HDL-c , triglycerides (TG) from blood sample in a fasted state and following consumption of a meal | Week 0 and Week 3 |
| Change in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sara Rosenkranz, PhD | Kansas State University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lafene Health Center | Manhattan | Kansas | 66502 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D024821 | Metabolic Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
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| Sugary beverage: Soda | Dietary Supplement | Participants consumed soda (~710mL) daily for three weeks, along with their habitual diets. |
|
| Control: Water | Dietary Supplement | Participants consumed water (~710mL) daily for three weeks, along with their habitual diets. |
|
Calculated from fasting glucose and insulin values
| Week 0 and Week 3 |
| Change in blood pressure | Evaluated via automated sphygmomanometer. | Week 0 and Week 3 |
| Change in BMI | Weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m^2 | Week 0 and Week 3 |
| Change in pulmonary function | Assessed using the maximum flow-volume loop | Week 0 and Week 3 |
| Change in insulin iAUC | Glucose obtained from blood sample in a fasted state and in response to a meal | Week 0 and Week 3 |
| Change in serum fructosamine | Fructosamine obtained from blood sample | Week 0 and Week 3 |
| D009750 |
| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |