Eligible women residing in the Central Denmark Region will be assigned to intervention group. Women in the intervention group receive an invitation for HPV-based cervical cancer screening by attending either 1) GP-based screening or 2) HPV self-sampling. The self-sampling kit includes the dry Evalyn brush self-sampling device (Rovers Medical Devices B.V, Oss, Netherlands), written and picture-based user instructions on how to collect and mail the self-sample, and a prestamped return envelope addressed to the Department of Pathology, Randers Regional Hospital.

Eligible women residing in the other five Danish regions (North, Central, South, Zealand and Capital ) will be assigned to control group. Women in the control group will receive usual care, which for 65-69 year-old women is opportunistic cervical cancer screening at the GP

Women in the intervention group will receive an invitation for HPV-based cervical cancer screening by either 1) scheduling an appointment for a cervical cytology by the GP or 2) collect a cervico-vaginal sample themselves in their own home using a self-sampling kit.

Participation rate, eg the roportion of targeted women participating by GP-based screening or self-sampling

Number of women tested positive for HPV

The proportion of HPV-positive self-samplers who attend appropriate follow-up by their GP for onward referral

Screening history of participants and non-participants in the intervention group

Participation rate

Proportion of abnormal cytological findings between the intervention and control group is compared

Proportion of abnormal histological findings between the intervention and control group is compared