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To determine how often embryos reported to be abnormal by preimplantation genetic testing result in liveborn infants. To evaluate whether the pregnancies that result from these embryos are higher risk for complications and whether the resulting babies have higher risk for health or developmental issues in the first five years after birth.
Genetic testing modality and results will be recorded
Pregnancy per transfer will be recorded
Patients in the study agree to provide medical records of their pregnancy.
Any genetic testing or fetal testing will be carefully reviewed and recorded by the study team.
For patients with live births, pediatric records will be collected for up to 5 years.
As well as surveys for developmental milestones.
There is no financial compensation for study participants
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-euploid Transfer | Experimental | Patients desiring pregnancy who have no acceptable euploid embryos available for transfer who chose to undergo embryo transfer of a non-euploid embryo (either aneuploid or mosaic). |
|
| Euploid Transfer | Active Comparator | Patients desiring pregnancy who are undergoing euploid embryo transfer |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-euploid embryo transfer | Other | Other than choice of embryo for transfer, all other medical interventions will be standard of care protocols |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy Rate | Number participants who undergo embryo transfers that lead to a positive pregnancy test | 3 years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Live birth rate | Number participants who conceive after embryo transfer and have a live birth. | 4 years |
| Obstetric complications | Number of participants who have a maternal of fetal complication after embryo transfer |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ronit Mazzoni, MS | Contact | 408-688-9892 | rmazzoni@stanford.edu | |
| REI Research Coordinator | Contact | 408-688-9892 | rei-research@lists.stanford.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ruth Lathi, MD | Stanford University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stanford Fertility and Reproductive Medicine Center | Recruiting | Sunnyvale | California | 94087 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40578663 | Background | Tise CG, Verma K, Rivera-Cruz G, Chamanara S, Gerber SK, Boyd A, Mazzoni R, Nel-Themaat L, Behr B, Milki AA, Lathi RB. Healthy euploid dizygotic twin birth after transfer of nonmosaic aneuploid embryos. Fertil Steril. 2025 Nov 15;124(5 Pt 2):1016-1023. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.06.033. Epub 2025 Jun 25. | |
| 31445143 | Background |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Stanford Fertility Research website | View source |
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Data will only reported in aggregate
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000782 | Aneuploidy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002869 | Chromosome Aberrations |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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Patients desiring frozen embryo transfer or aneuploid or mosaic embryo. Patients will be counseled regarding risks and obstetric and pediatric outcomes will be collected.
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| Euploid Transfer | Other | Standard of Care Protocol |
|
| 4 years |
| Pediatric Development | Number of newborns and children who have abnormal pediatric development at 3 months, 2 years and 5 years following birth | 7 years 3 months |
| Munne S, Spinella F, Grifo J, Zhang J, Beltran MP, Fragouli E, Fiorentino F. Clinical outcomes after the transfer of blastocysts characterized as mosaic by high resolution Next Generation Sequencing- further insights. Eur J Med Genet. 2020 Feb;63(2):103741. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.103741. Epub 2019 Aug 21. |
| 30691630 | Background | Victor AR, Tyndall JC, Brake AJ, Lepkowsky LT, Murphy AE, Griffin DK, McCoy RC, Barnes FL, Zouves CG, Viotti M. One hundred mosaic embryos transferred prospectively in a single clinic: exploring when and why they result in healthy pregnancies. Fertil Steril. 2019 Feb;111(2):280-293. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.10.019. |
| 30246223 | Background | Zhang L, Wei D, Zhu Y, Gao Y, Yan J, Chen ZJ. Rates of live birth after mosaic embryo transfer compared with euploid embryo transfer. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2019 Jan;36(1):165-172. doi: 10.1007/s10815-018-1322-2. Epub 2018 Sep 24. |
| 28579407 | Background | Munne S, Blazek J, Large M, Martinez-Ortiz PA, Nisson H, Liu E, Tarozzi N, Borini A, Becker A, Zhang J, Maxwell S, Grifo J, Babariya D, Wells D, Fragouli E. Detailed investigation into the cytogenetic constitution and pregnancy outcome of replacing mosaic blastocysts detected with the use of high-resolution next-generation sequencing. Fertil Steril. 2017 Jul;108(1):62-71.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.05.002. Epub 2017 Jun 1. |
| 26581010 | Background | Greco E, Minasi MG, Fiorentino F. Healthy Babies after Intrauterine Transfer of Mosaic Aneuploid Blastocysts. N Engl J Med. 2015 Nov 19;373(21):2089-90. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1500421. No abstract available. |