This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjuvant therapy with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab compared with active surveillance in participants with completely resected or ablated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are at high risk for disease recurrence.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Participants with a first diagnosis of HCC who have undergone either a curative resection or ablation (radiofrequency ablation [RFA] or microwave ablation [MVA] only) within 4-12 weeks prior to randomization
• Documented diagnosis of HCC that has been completely resected or ablated (RFA or MVA only)
• Absence of major macrovascular invasion (except Vp1/Vp2) and extrahepatic spread
• Absence of extrahepatic spread as confirmed by CT or MRI scan of the chest, abdomen, pelvis, and head prior to and following curative procedure
• Full recovery from surgical resection or ablation within 4 weeks prior to randomization
• High risk for HCC recurrence after resection or ablation
• For patients who received post-operative transarterial chemoembolization: full recovery from the procedure within 4 weeks prior to randomization
• For patients with resected HCC, availability of a representative baseline tumor tissue sample
• ECOG Performance Status of 0 or 1
• Child-Pugh Class A status
• Adequate hematologic and end-organ function
• For women of childbearing potential: agreement to remain abstinent (refrain from heterosexual intercourse) or use contraceptive methods
• For men: agreement to remain abstinent (refrain from heterosexual intercourse) or use a condom, and agreement to refrain from donating sperm

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known fibrolamellar HCC, sarcomatoid HCC, or mixed cholangiocarcinoma and HCC
• Evidence of residual, recurrent, or metastatic disease at randomization
• Clinically significant ascites
• History of hepatic encephalopathy
• Prior bleeding event due to untreated or incompletely treated esophageal and/or gastric varices within 6 months prior to randomization
• Have received more than 1 cycle of adjuvant TACE following surgical resection
• Active or history of autoimmune disease or immune deficiency
• History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia, drug-induced pneumonitis, or idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest CT scan
• Significant cardiovascular disease within 3 months prior to Day 1 of Cycle 1, unstable arrhythmia, or unstable angina
• History of malignancy other than HCC within 5 years prior to screening, with the exception of malignancies with a negligible risk of metastasis or death
• Active tuberculosis
• Any other disease, metabolic dysfunction, physical examination finding, or clinical laboratory finding that contraindicates the use of an investigational drug, may affect the interpretation of the results, or may render the patient at high risk from treatment complications
• Pregnant or breastfeeding, or intending to become pregnant during the study or within 5 months after the final dose of atezolizumab or within 6 months after the final dose of bevacizumab. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test result within 14 days prior to Day 1 of Cycle 1.
• Co-infection with HBV and HCV
• Co-infection with HBV and hepatitis D viral infection
• Clinical significant uncontrolled or symptomatic hypercalcemia
• Any treatment for HCC prior to resection or ablation, including systemic therapy and locoregional therapy such as TACE
• Treatment with systemic immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive agents
• Inadequately controlled arterial hypertension
• History of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy
• Significant vascular disease
• Evidence of bleeding diathesis or significant coagulopathy
• Current or recent use of aspirin or full-dose oral or parenteral anticoagulants
• Core biopsy within 3 days of Day 1 of Cycle 1
• History of GI fistula, GI perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess
• Serious non-healing or dehiscing wound
• Major surgical procedure within four weeks
• Chronic daily treatment with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

For eligible studies, qualified researchers may request access to individual patient level clinical data. See Roche's commitment to transparency of clinical study information here: https://go.roche.com/data\_sharing