This study is being conducted to compare intrathecal morphine using the commercially available intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDS), and conventional medical management (CMM) in subjects with non-cancer, refractory chronic pain.

This study will evaluate the following objectives:

Primary objective:

1. To compare the change in pain intensity from baseline based on the Numeric Rating Scale [NRS] between subjects randomized to the IDDS group and subjects randomized to the CMM group.The comparison will be conducted at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months following enrollment. The evaluation at 6 months will be considered the primary time point for evaluation.

Secondary objectives:

For each of the following secondary objectives, the comparisons between the IDDS group and CMM group will be made using the intra-subject change from baseline as the dependent variable.

1. Compare the subject reported PROMIS 29 between the IDDS group and CMM group. Individual subject scores recorded at baseline and months 3, 6, 9 and 12.
2. Compare the accrued cost of therapy for pain control including those related to adverse events, ED visits, cost of medications between the IDDS group and CMM group
3. Compare the number of other concurrent treatments performed on each subject between the IDDS group and CMM group. Individual subject counts recorded at months 3, 6, 9 and 12 will be compared.

Additional safety objective:

1. To characterize pain and device related adverse events for all subjects throughout the study through completion of 12 month follow-up or subject exit.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Subject must have signed and dated the IRB approved Informed Consent Form and HIPAA Authorization prior to any study procedures being performed
2. Subject must be willing and able to complete study requirements including diaries, questionnaires and attend all visits, in the opinion of the investigator
3. Subject must be male or female and at least 22 years of age
4. Subjects who are female are non-lactating and if of childbearing potential have a negative urine pregnancy test at screening
5. Subjects who are currently be receiving ≤ 90 mg/day morphine per day dose (or MME), with stable dose at equivalent of systemic opioids at Screening
6. Subjects who are on a stable dose of opioids (no change in type or prescribed frequency or dose) for 30 days prior to the screening as documented in medical history;
7. Subjects who have refractory pain despite failure of regional minimally invasive treatment options, including epidurals, facets, rhizotomies, direct or indirect spinal stenosis treatments, etc.
8. Subjects who are a new candidate for chronic intrathecal drug therapy (including no prior intrathecal/epidural trial for pump infusion therapy)
9. Subjects have not been implanted with a spinal cord stimulator for pain
10. Subjects currently do not have an implanted spinal cord stimulator for pain
11. Subjects who have a diagnosis of nonmalignant, chronic intractable pain as documented in the medical history
12. Subjects who are medically stable and able to undergo surgery for implantation of the Prometra® II Infusion System
13. Subject must have completed a psychological evaluation within 6 months prior to Screening
14. Subject must complete an intrathecal trial resulting in candidacy for pump implantation during Screening

Exclusion Criteria:

A potential subject who has any contraindications listed in the Prometra® II labeling or any contraindications of intrathecal agents employed in the United States within the PACC, will be excluded. All subjects meeting any of the following criteria will also be excluded from this study:

1. Subjects currently have a spinal cord stimulator implanted for pain

2. Subjects previously had a spinal cord stimulator implanted for pain

3. Subjects who have psychological or other health conditions, financial, and/or legal concerns (within 3 months prior to Screening) that would interfere with the subject's ability to fulfill the requirements of the protocol as per the investigator's opinion

4. Subjects who have a history of alcohol abuse or illicit drug use within 2 years of screening

5. Subjects who have an active malignancy or has been diagnosed with cancer and has not been in remission for at least 1 year prior to Screening

6. Subjects who are female and who are pregnant, nursing or planning a pregnancy during the study or females of childbearing potential who are unable or unwilling to use a form of contraception during the study.

7. Subjects who plan to enroll or is currently enrolled in another investigational drug or investigational medical device study or has participated in an investigational drug or medical device study within 30 days prior to Screening

8. Subject has any condition or situation which, in the investigator's opinion, puts the patient at significant risk, could confound the study results, or may interfere significantly with the subject's participation in the study

   At the Baseline Visit or prior to Randomization, a subject will be excluded from continued participation if the subject has:

9. Subjects that have a mean of the reported 12 hour "average" NPRS responses of < 6 on an eleven-point scale (0 to10) rated over the 5 days prior to the Baseline Visit (as recorded in the electronic Study Diary) in the absence of intolerable side effects as documented in the medical history

10. Subjects with a negative urine test for opioids at Baseline

11. Subjects with a positive Pregnancy test, if applicable

12. Subjects that failed the intrathecal trial during Screening