Observation of Blood Orphanin and Norepinephrine Levels in Diabetic Patients Under Subarachnoid Anesthesia

Effect of Subarachnoid Anesthesia on Blood Orphanin and Norepinephrine in Diabetic Patients

This study aims to investigate the Influence of Intraspinal anesthesia to the concentrations of blood orphanin, norepinephrine in patients with diabetes mellitus. We hope to explain the relationship between sensory and sympathetic nerves in diabetic patients undergoing intraspinal anesthesia.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients undergoing lower limb surgery under spinal anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

• Emergency surgery
• The operation time is more than 3 hours
• Combined general anesthesia or nerve block anesthesia