Near-infrared Spectroscopy Neurofeedback as a Treatment for Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Near-infrared Spectroscopy Neurofeedback as a Treatment for Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

To observe the clinical efficacy and mechanism of functional near-infrared spectroscopy imaging neurofeedback therapy for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.

In this study, a parallel controlled study will be conducted to recruit 60 patients with ADHD, 30 patients in the fNIRS group and 30 patients in the drug group. At the same time, 30 healthy controls will be recruited. 6 weeks, 12 sessions of NIRS feedback will be given for participants in NIRS group and healthy controls. 6 weeks of first or second line medication will be given for participants of drug group. Magnetic resonance imaging will be performed at baseline for all participants. SNAP IV, PSQ, CGI will be evaluated at baseline, week 3, week 6 and week 8 for ADHD participants.

For ADHD patients:

Inclusion Criteria:

• diagnosed with TD, according to the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5);
• aged 6-12;
• right handed;

Exclusion Criteria:

• full-scale intelligence quotient below 80(measured by Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children，WISC)
• medical or neurological disorders, psychiatric disorders other than oppositional defiant disorder
• current participation in a psychotherapeutic treatment