The objective is to evaluate if the immune risk phenotype (IRP) in patients who have been admitted for pneumonia predisposes to worse long-term outcomes. In addition, the association between the detected immunological alterations and clinical, functional, nutritional or comorbidity risk factors will be evaluated.

If the hypothesis is confirmed, helpful immunological markers will be identified. This will be useful in clinical practice to identify patients who can benefit from an intervention and / or to identify the best time for vaccination. Otherwise, valuable information will be obtained on the interrelation between immunological, clinical, functional and nutritional aspects.

The objective is to evaluate if the immune risk phenotype (IRP) in patients who have been admitted for pneumonia predisposes to worse long-term outcomes. In addition, the association between the detected immunological alterations and clinical, functional, nutritional or comorbidity risk factors will be evaluated.

Methodology: Prospective observational study. It will include 149 patients ≥ 65 years admitted for pneumonia. After 30-45 days of pneumonia diagnosis, a complete clinical, functional, nutritional and immunological assessment will be carried out. FRI will be defined as a positive cytomegalovirus serology together with at least one of the following: CD4 / CD8 <1, CD8 T cells> 600 / μl or negative CD28 T cells> 300 / μl15. Mortality and re-admissions at 12 and 18 months will be evaluated.

If the hypothesis is confirmed, helpful immunological markers will be identified. This will be useful in clinical practice to identify patients who can benefit from an intervention and / or to identify the best time for vaccination. Otherwise, valuable information will be obtained on the interrelation between immunological, clinical, functional and nutritional aspects.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients ≥ 65 years old admitted for pneumonia in the "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in Barcelona".

Exclusion Criteria:

• patients from another acute care hospital
• patients with HIV infection
• neutropenic patients (neutrophil count <1000 / mm3)
• transplant patients
• patients in end-of-life situation
• not having written informed consent.

Patients ≥ 65 years old admitted for pneumonia in the "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in Barcelona".

Pneumonia will be defined in the presence of a new infiltrate in the chest radiograph along with one or more compatible signs or symptoms: fever, chills, cough, expectoration or malaise.