patients received nutrition education and nutritional supplements

patients did not receive any intervention

Participants in the treatment group were educated about improving their diet by consuming more low-fat high-quality protein sources, vegetables, complex carbohydrates and less simple carbohydrates. They were also instructed to consume two servings (474 ml) of a commercially produced Glucose Control Nutritional Shake between meals throughout the day for 12 weeks or until complete healing. The supplements provided a total of 500 kilocalories, 28 grams of high-quality protein and essential vitamins and minerals.

Mean change from baseline in wound area at weeks 4,8, and 12 using the following formula

Wound Healing rate= (current area-baseline area)/time (number of weeks)

Mean change from baseline in c-reactive protein(ng/ml), interleukin 6(pg/ml), interleukin 10(pg/ml), and tristetraprolin(pg/ml) at weeks 4, 8, and 12

Mean change from baseline in lean body mass(lb) and body fat(lb) at weeks 4, 8, and 12

Mean change from baseline in dietary intake of energy(kcal), protein(g), vitamin C(mg), vitamin E(IU), vitamin A(IU), Zinc(mg), Copper(mg), and Manganese(mg) at weeks 4, 8, and 12.

Duration (number of days) to achieve complete wound closure from baseline assessed between both groups.