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College women are at risk for eating disorders, which have profound health impacts. Cross-sectional studies have shown that the use of dietary self-monitoring is associated with eating disorder risk among college students. However, causality cannot be established with cross-sectional studies.
This study utilizes a randomized controlled trial design to examine how the use of a popular dietary self-monitoring smartphone application impacts college females' well-being, including eating disorder risk. We hypothesize those who are randomized to dietary self-monitoring will have a greater increase in eating disorder risk compared to the control group.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental | Participants are instructed to use a popular dietary self-monitoring application on their smartphone for one month. |
|
| Control | No Intervention | Participants are not asked to use the smartphone application. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary self-monitoring | Other | Participants use a popular smartphone application to track their food and drink intake for one month. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Eating Disorder Risk | Eating disorder risk will be measured on a survey via the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short Form (EDE-QS). The EDE-QS is a validated 12 question scale. Each question has a score range 0-3, and the average of all scores is the overall score. A higher score indicates higher risk. | 30 days |
| Eating Disorder Risk | Measured via survey using the validated SCOFF questionnaire which consists of five questions. Each question is a yes/no and a yes receives one point with a total score ranging from 0-5. Higher scores indicate higher risk. Modified to ask about pounds instead of stone as a measure of weight. | 30 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Weight-Related Self-Monitoring | Measured via survey that includes single item measures asking about physical activity self-monitoring and self-weighing frequency. | 30 days |
| Body Image | Assessed via survey using the validated 6 question Body Image States Scale (BISS). Scores are the mean of the six items, three of which are reverse coded. Higher scores mean better body image states. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Identify as female.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Michigan | Ann Arbor | Michigan | 48109 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34427188 | Derived | Hahn SL, Kaciroti N, Eisenberg D, Weeks HM, Bauer KW, Sonneville KR. Introducing Dietary Self-Monitoring to Undergraduate Women via a Calorie Counting App Has No Effect on Mental Health or Health Behaviors: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Dec;121(12):2377-2388. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.311. Epub 2021 Aug 20. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D001068 | Feeding and Eating Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D012817 | Signs and Symptoms, Digestive |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| 30 days |
| Weight Stigma | Measured via survey using five single item questions. | 30 days |
| Dietary Intake | Single item survey questions adapted from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System | 30 days |
| Physical Activity | Single item survey questions adapted from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System and an open ended question for amount of time physically active. | 30 days |
| Weight perception | Assessed using two questions on a survey pertaining to BMI category and weight. | 30 days |
| Body changing intentions | Assessed using single item question on a survey asking how, if at all, participants wanted to change their body. | 30 days |
| Social Media Use | Use of common social media sites assessed using five single item measures on a survey. | 30 days |
| Weight | Blind weights taken on research grade laboratory scale. | 30 days |
| Subjective Quality of Life | Assessed using the Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life Scale (BBQ) on a survey. The BBQ has 12 questions, each ranging from 0-4. Higher scores indicate higher subjective quality of life. | 30 days |
| Anxiety | State anxiety as measured via survey using the short-form of the state scale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The scale consists of 6 questions with a range of scores 1-4 for each question. Three positive questions are reverse coded and scores are added together with higher scores indicating higher state anxiety. | 30 days |
| Depression Symptoms | Measured via survey using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R-10). The CESD-R-10 is a 10 item scale with each question having the possibility of a score 0-3. Two questions are reverse coded, then scores from each question are added to give an overall score. Higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms. | 30 days |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |