Effects of Resistance Training in Body Composition and Body Image Perception of Women Throughout the Menstrual Cycle

Effects of Resistance Training in Body Composition and Body Image Perception of Women Throughout the Menstrual Cycle

The objective of this research study is two-fold, 1) to determine if body composition and body image perception are affected through the different phases of the menstrual cycle, and 2) if an acute session of resistance training can have different effects depending on the menstrual cycle phase.

The purpose of the research is to establish whether body composition and body image perception are affected throughout the different phases of the menstrual cycle and if the perception can be modified through resistance training. To the best of our knowledge, only one study has analyzed the effects of the menstrual cycle on body image perception. However, research analyzing the effects of the menstrual cycle on both body image perception and, body composition is lacking. Furthermore, research in the effects of resistance training on menstrual cycle-related changes on both perceived and measured body composition are inexistent. Findings from this study have the potential to increase the knowledge about resistance training's effects in modulating body image perception throughout the menstrual cycle. Further understanding of these responses may set the groundwork to develop exercise intervention programs to reduce the risk of developing more serious mental conditions linked to unhealthy body image perception.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female
• Sedentary or Active
• 18.5-34.9 kg/m2 BMI
• Normal menstrual cycle defined as 28 to 30 days and a duration of 3 to 7 days
• Age range is 18-45 years old
• The inclusion of other participants may alter the results as an increase in body fat has been linked to known changes in different hormonal levels and those changes might influence substrate utilization
• Changes in the hormonal status of pre-menopausal women may appear without symptoms
• Younger females also display variations in their hormones since they are going through the process of development

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previous physiological and mental health history
• Pregnant females
• Males
• Irregular menstrual cycle, menstrual dysfunction or unusual sex hormone levels
• Musculoskeletal injuries
• Contraceptives, a medication that alters hormonal or cardio-respiratory responses
• Pre-menopausal symptoms
• On moderate to high-intensity exercise regime more than 2 days/week